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JIVE/JOVIAL Instrumental Concept

JIVE/JOVIAL Instrumental Concept. Patrick Gaulme New Mexico State University Apache Point Observatory. Science Objectives. JIVE/JOVIAL: provides radial velocity maps (Doppler imaging) Jovian seismology c m/s displacement of uppermost clouds

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JIVE/JOVIAL Instrumental Concept

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  1. JIVE/JOVIAL Instrumental Concept Patrick Gaulme New Mexico State University Apache Point Observatory Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  2. Science Objectives • JIVE/JOVIAL: provides radial velocity maps (Doppler imaging) • Jovian seismology • cm/s displacement of uppermost clouds • Frequency range of expected oscillations [1-3] mHz, i.e., ≈[5-20] min periods. • Long time series of fast sampling data (at least 1 measurement per minute). • Venus, Jupiter, Saturn’s atmospheric dynamics • Venus zonal (100 m/s) + meridional (20 m/s?) winds • Jupiter/Saturn differential rotation ≈ ±100 m/s • Stack observations: average wind profile, average wind per longitude. Do not need long times series. Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  3. Radial velocity maps • What do we aim at measuring for atmospheric dynamics Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  4. Radial velocity maps • What do we aim at measuring for seismology • Subtraction of wind contribution to RVs • Filter each RV map by a set of spherical harmonics • Compute Fourier spectra of times series Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  5. Telescope TF Interferogram OPD Detector FTS OPD SYMPA/JIVE/JOVIAL are Fourier transform tachometers SpectrumS(s) s s0 I(D) =A(D)e2iPDs0 (1+v/c) Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  6. The SYMPA prototype • Fourier-transform imaging-spectrometer (Schmider+07, Gaulme+08, Gaulme+11) Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  7. The SYMPA prototype Fringes parallel to rotation axis  signature of Jupiter’s rotation Gaulme et al. 2008 Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  8. The SYMPA prototype Fringe Contrast g ≈ 0.6% I1 I2 I3 I4 I1 = I0 (1 + g cos f) I3 = I0 (1 – g cos f) I2 = I0 (1 + g sin f) I4 = I0 (1 – g sin f) U a cos f V a sin f Avec f = 2psD(1+v/c) et s = nombre d’onde, D = OPD et v = vitesse radiale Doppler shift = argument of complexinterferogram: Z = U + iV Colloque du PNP - Brest - Septembre 2010

  9. Observational techniquesDoppler spectrometry • Fourier transform spectrometers Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  10. JOVIAL/JIVE vs. SYMPA • JOVIAL • Based on SYMPA experience • Modified Mach-Zehnder design • OPD modulation for calibration • Optimisation of measurement stability, precision, resolution • Vacuum tank to insulate the interferometer • Simultaneous multi-sites observations • Noise level < 4 cm/s in 2 weeks Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  11. Data processing with real data • Adjustment of the four images • Position, geometrical distortion • Photometric response • Radial velocity map construction velocity map (unwrapped) Arg(Zp) Zp = Z Z*inst Residual velocity map Zinst Solid Rotation Model Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  12. Biases and drifts issues • PSF effect and atmospheric seeing • Positioning and RV biases • (see my presentation at 3:30pm) • Jupiter polarization • Remember, we split light according to polarization • Telescope polarization • Pupil drift • Determines where the light beam passes through the interferometer • Jupiter rotation in the field Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

  13. JIVE at Sunspot • See Tom’s presentation Patrick Gaulme - NMSU - June 26th, 2017

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