Study Guide Genocide Graphic organizer
Armenia • Events leading to genocide • Ethnic tensions between Turks and Armenians • Turks took power of Ottoman Empire • Nationalism grew to have a Turkish state
Armenia • Events of Genocide • All Armenians were given 3 days to pack up and move from Ottoman Empire • Turks forced Armenians on a march to the Syrian desert • Denied food and water on the march • Others were murdered as well
Armenia • U.S. response • President Wilson said it was a civil war • Wanted to stay out of WWI, so he claimed neutrality • Most Americans agreed
Armenia • International Community Response • Condemned the Young Turks and said they would be held responsible • No countries took action because they were preoccupied with WWI • There were some efforts to raise money but not enough
Holocaust • Events leading to Genocide • Depression in Germany due to Treaty of Versailles • German Nationalism increased • Blaming of Jews for the problems in Germany
Holocaust • Events of Genocide • Kristallnacht • Sent Jews to ghettos for confinement • Concentration camp- slave labor • Einzatsgruppen • Extermination camps with gas chambers • Death marches
Holocaust • U.S. response • Ignored early signs • Allowed some Jews to immigrate to U.S. • Wanted to stay neutral from the War but eventually involved in the war effort after Pearl Harbor
Holocaust • International Community Response • Most people were too involved with the war effort to do anything • Following WWII • Displaced persons camps were set up for survivors • Created the state of Israel • Genocide convention to prevent further incidents • Nuremberg Trials were held and many defendants were sentenced to prison or death
Cambodia • Events leading to genocide • Prince Sihanouk was overthrown and Khmer Rouge took power • Khmer Rouge wanted to create a classless society • Citizens of cities were forced to the countryside to create an agrarian utopia
Cambodia • Events of Genocide • Execution, starvation, disease, overworked • Forced labor of working long days and little work • Soldiers, civil servants, elders, intellectuals were killed
Cambodia • U.S. Response • Involvement in Vietnam war led to rise of Pol Pot • Placed economic embargos against Cambodia • Focused on Cold War
Cambodia • International community response • Little effort to stop the killing • Some people smuggled Cambodians to safe areas
Bosnia • Events leading to Genocide • Ethnic tensions between Serbs, Muslims, Croats • Many died in massacres in early 1900’s • Marshal Tito in power and has stable government • Yugoslavia divided into ethnic states • Serbian nationalism rose when Milosevic came to power
Bosnia • Events of Genocide • Serbs wanted to remove Muslim and Croats from Bosnia • Used torture, gang rape, concentration camps, and massacres
Bosnia • U.S. response • With NATO launched a bombing campaign against Serbian army • Helped them to sign Dayton peace agreement • Kept UN peacekeepers in Bosnia through 1999
Bosnia • International community response • Denied genocide was happening but set up 6 safe zones • Used troops and prohibited Serbian forces to fly over • Ineffective at stopping genocide • Serbs eventually took over the areas because UN forces left • Milosevic was tried for crimes against humanity
Rwanda • Events leading to Genocide • Tensions between the Hutus and Tutsis • Tutsi had most of power but were smaller % of population • Received privileges from Belgium • Civil war in 1959 • Hutu president in Burudi was killed • Rwanda president and 2nd Burundi president were killed • More massacres took place
Rwanda • Events of Genocide • Interhamwe(Hutu) attacked Tutsi with machetes and clubs • Radio announcements were made to say that all Tutsi needed to be killed • Attacked at churches, schools, etc
Rwanda • U.S. response • Disregarded warnings • Refused to define as “genocide” • Did this so they did not have to intervene
Rwanda • International Response • Condemned violence • Refused to intervene • Called “ancient ethnic hatred” • UN peacekeepers were sent to Rwanda after massacres ended • Stayed until 1996
