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Introduction to Statistics: Definitions, Branches, and Measures

This chapter provides an overview of statistics, including definitions of key terms, the two branches of statistics, and measures used in statistical analysis.

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Introduction to Statistics: Definitions, Branches, and Measures

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  1. Chapter 1: Getting Started Section 1: Essential question: What is statistics?

  2. Statistics ·the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information in order to draw conclusions • the study of how to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical information from data

  3. Definitions • Individual: The people or object in a study. • variable – the characteristics of the individual to be measured or observed

  4. Definitions Continued • quantitative variable – has a value or numerical measurement • qualitative variable – describes an individual by placing the individual into a category or group

  5. Definitions Continued • population – the group to be studied • sample – a subset of the population; a collection of some of the elements/ individuals obtained from a population

  6. descriptive statistics – consists of organizing and summarizing the information collected inferential statistics – involves methods of using information from a sample to draw conclusions regarding the population based on the analysis of data Two Branches of Statistics

  7. parameter – descriptive measure of a population statistic – descriptive measure of a sample Measures

  8. The Process of Statistics • Identify the research objective • identify a group to be studied and determine the questions to be answered . • Collect the information needed to answer the questions. • Organize and summarize the information (descriptive statistics). • Draw conclusions from the information (inferential statistics).

  9. Determine if each example would describe a population, sample, individual, variable, parameter, or statistic

  10. 1. The average test score for all the students in a statistics class.

  11. 2. A farmer randomly selects 100 soybean plants from his crop to measure the weight of the soybeans

  12. 3. Each car in a study of the population of all 2002 Honda Civics

  13. 4. People 18 years or older in the United States

  14. 5.The average income of 50 randomly selected families located in Harrisburg

  15. 6. The weight of each car in a study of the population of all 2002 Honda Civics

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