1 / 8

Biology Notes 2.2

Biology Notes 2.2. Nutrition and Energy Flow Two classes of organisms when it comes to energy flow Producers: Autotrophs: Organisms that use energy from the sun or energy stored in chemical compounds to make their own nutrients Examples: Plants and some unicellular organisms

robin-sweet
Télécharger la présentation

Biology Notes 2.2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Biology Notes 2.2

  2. Nutrition and Energy Flow • Two classes of organisms when it comes to energy flow • Producers: Autotrophs: Organisms that use energy from the sun or energy stored in chemical compounds to make their own nutrients • Examples: Plants and some unicellular organisms • Consumers: Heterotrophs: Organisms that can not make their own food and must feed on other organisms. • Herbivores: Feed directly on autotrophs (plants) • Carnivores: Feed on other heterotrophs (animals) • Scavenger: something that feeds on something that has already died. • Omnivores: Feed on both autotrophs (plants) and other hetertrophs (animals) • Decomposers: Break down and digest dead decaying material.

  3. Nutrition and Energy Flow • Matter and energy Flow in an Ecosystem. • Food Chain: Simple model used by scientists to show matter and energy transfer in an ecosystem. • Uses arrows to indicate the direction of transfer. • Example: Insect  Fish  Bear • Most food chains have only 3 links and rarely more than five because energy is lost as heat in every exchange. • Trophic Level: Each organism in a chain that represents a feeding step. • Level 1: Autotroph • Level 2: first order heterotroph (herbivore) • Level 3: second order heterotroph (carnivores that feed on first order heterotrophs) • Level 4: Third order heterotroph (carnivore that feeds on a second order heterotroph) • Example Plant  Insect  Fish  Eagle

  4. Nutrition and Energy Flow • Not everything lines up in a perfect chain. A first order heterotroph may feed on several different plants. And so on This is why scientists use a Food Web. • Food Web: represents all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level. • Ecological Pyramids: Used to show the energy flow through an ecosystem. • Energy decreases as you go up each level • The total energy transfer from one level to the next is about 10%. • Energy is lost for metabolism, growth, and as waste. • The only energy that is transferred to the next level is what was used for growth • This can also be translated into numbers of animals feed at each level. Called a Pyramid of biomass.

  5. Example of food web Taken from: http://faculty.abe.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_28/40_07.GIF .

  6. Example of an Ecological PyramidTaken From: http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/160/pyramid.gif

  7. Example of an Ecological pyramid of biomassTaken From: http://www.science.org.au/nova/039/039img/039img.gif

  8. Story Time

More Related