Infection Control

1. Infection Control Baptist South Nursing and ACP Orientation Baptist South Nursing Education

2. Clean Hands Save Lives Baptist South Nursing Education

3. Clean Hands Save Lives • Promote to patients, visitors and especially to our healthcare providers. • Minimizing the spread of bacteria and viruses is the main goal of our Hand Hygiene Program at Baptist -South. • Use only the hand hygiene products{including lotion} provided by the hospital while on duty. • Only natural fingernails please. Baptist South Nursing Education

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6. Standard Precautions • Approach to infection control where all human blood and body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for blood borne pathogens. Baptist South Nursing Education

7. Standard Precautions • Promotes the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) when appropriate for patient contact • gloves • masks • eye shields • gowns • HAND HYGIENE in all circumstances Baptist South Nursing Education

8. Standard Precautions • Gloves when you may be in contact with body fluids or blood • Gown when that contact may be more than just your hands • Mask and eye shields if there is a possibility of spray Baptist South Nursing Education

9. A little dab can do you in … • Patients with acute viral hepatitis B, 1 microscopic drop of blood may contain 1 0 thousand viral particles. A single droplet of blood, especially in the eye, could represent a significant exposure.‘ Baptist South Nursing Education

10. What Gets Splashed? • 68% of the time--the face! 52% of the time--the eyes 5% of the time--the nose11% of the time--the mouth Baptist South Nursing Education

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12. HEPATITIS B • 5,000-6,000 people die from HBV every year in the USA and still see up to 320,000 new cases world wide • 92% of people who have had the Hepatitis B vaccine series and developed antibodies are not at risk • Risk can include a sharp injury, or blood/body fluid contact with mucous membranes or non-intact skin Baptist South Nursing Education

13. Hepatitis C • 36,000 ACUTE CASES ANNUALLY WORLD WIDE • 10,000 Deaths annually in the USA • 2.7 Million people in USA have chronic infection • 170 Million chronic cases world wide Baptist South Nursing Education

14. HIV Exposure • Average risk of HIV infection after sharp injury or cut exposure to HIV blood is 0.3% • Risk after exposure to non-intact skin is less than 0.1% Baptist South Nursing Education

15. Sharp Injury Risks • Unfortunately some exposures are not reported….. • Used safe sharps still must still be discarded in a sharp container Baptist South Nursing Education

16. What kind of sharps lead to exposure? • hypodermic needles • blood collection needles • suture needles • needles used in IV delivery systems Baptist South Nursing Education

17. Causes of sharp exposures? • transferring of body fluid between containers • failing to dispose of used needles properly in puncture resistant approved sharps container • failing to use safety devices correctly Baptist South Nursing Education

18. Transmission Based Precautions • Recommended to provide additional precautions to standard precautions that interrupt the transmission of pathogens in healthcare settings • Used for patients with known or suspected pathogens that can be transmitted by airborne, droplet or contact with others Baptist South Nursing Education

19. Transmission Based Precautions • Airborne precautions • used for infections spread in small particles in the air such as TB or chicken pox • Droplet precautions • used for infections spread in large droplets in the air, through coughing, talking, or sneezing such as influenza or whooping cough • Contact precautions • used for infections spread by skin to skin direct contact or contact with contaminated items/surfaces; organisms such as MRSA/ORSA, VRE, and C. Diff Baptist South Nursing Education

20. Isolation Precaution Categories Baptist South Nursing Education

21. Airborne Precautions • Need Negative Pressure room • Clear plastic dome over door containing red ball--when door is closed, the ball is pulled into the room and stays on the room side (shows the negative pressure is working) • Monitored and documented daily when in use by unit nursing personnel in the EMR • Negative pressure rooms are verified routinely and documented by Plant Facilities Baptist South Nursing Education

22. Negative Pressure Rooms • At BMC-S, negative pressure rooms for AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS are: • Rooms 305, 306, 405, 406, 505, 506, 538, 539,467.468, 567, 568, 336, 346, 348, 431 and 432 • PACU Bay 12 • ASU rooms 11 and 12 • ED room 15 and Orthopedic Room • G.E. Lab room #1 + #2 Baptist South Nursing Education

23. For Isolation/Precaution • PPE is located in Par supply room and in the door caddy • Disposable B/P cuffs, stethoscopes, digital thermometers are located in the Par supply room-DO NOT USE ELECTRONIC THERMOMETERS ON ISOLATION PATIENTS TO take TEMPERATURE • Any room can be used for Contact or Droplet isolation/precautions Baptist South Nursing Education

24. Healthcare Acquired Infections (HAI) • Unwanted infections we provide the patients for their hospital stay: • Pneumonia • UTI • Surgical site infections { SSI } • Blood stream infections { BSI } Baptist South Nursing Education

25. OBTAINING CULTURES • How long do you wait for a patient to collect a specimen (i.e. urine, sputum) before starting antibiotics? • Don’t culture eschared wounds-wait until wound is debrided and an order is obtained • avoid drawing blood cultures from Central lines • never collect urine from the collection bag-clamp and aspirate from clean port Baptist South Nursing Education

26. HAI Infections • How do we prevent them? • Hand hygiene -Hand Hygiene-Hand Hygiene • Appropriate use of PPE • Use of sterile technique when indicated • Proper use/cleaning of patient care equipment {surface disinfectant has wet contact 3 minutes} • Assessing all invasive sites • Adherence to policies and procedures Baptist South Nursing Education

27. Urinary Tract Infections Usually related to indwelling urinary catheter • urinary catheter care with soap and water during AM care and after each incontinent bowel movement • UTI’s are most frequently cause by bacteria from the bowel • discontinue urinary catheter ASAP Baptist South Nursing Education

28. Pneumonia • Usually related to aspiration • Turn off tube feeding (TF) for 20 minutes prior to transporting patients when possible • Patients receiving TF should always have the HOB elevated at least at 30 degrees. This will help reduce the possibility of aspiration. Baptist South Nursing Education

29. EDUCATION DOCUMENTATION • Nursing is responsible for educating patients and visitors on types of precautions without revealing diagnosis • Review how to properly use PPE and instruct persons not to wear PPE back into hallways • Document on the IPOC, especially with multi drug resistant organisms (MDRO) pts. Baptist South Nursing Education

30. Infection Control office • Contact Becky Saltford: Officeon 4B-extension 1-6473 Pager-889-0335 Baptist South Nursing Education