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Wavelength and Light

This article explores the relationship between wavelength and light as measured by monochromators, focusing on the spectral power distribution (SPD) of typical daylight and the effects of superposition. It delves into color matching experiments, particularly how rod and cone photoreceptors interact with light. The behavior of cone types and their responsivity is examined through empirical data, including the absorption rates of photopigments such as rhodopsin. The article emphasizes the significance of color constancy in our perception of color under varying lighting conditions.

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Wavelength and Light

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  1. Wavelength and Light

  2. Monochromators measure the power or energy at different wavelengths Nanometers

  3. Typical daylight SPDs vary

  4. Superposition of Light SPDs

  5. Rod Color Matching

  6. Example Data: Rod Matches

  7. Photopigment Absorptions

  8. Rhodopsin Absorption Curve

  9. Rhodopsin Predicts Matches

  10. Cones and Color Matching (Roorda et al.) Cone inner segments have a diameter of roughly 1-2 micron in foveola and much larger in the periphery. Here (foveolar edge) they are about 3-4 microns (330 microns ~ 1 deg)

  11. Cone Color Matching Experiment

  12. Color Matching Is An Important Illusion That Is Understood Quantitatively

  13. and matches then matches The Color Matching Experiment Is Linear If matches

  14. More metamer examples; this is a big effect.

  15. Color Matching Experiment Equation Response CIE RGB functions Input SPD

  16. Standard CMFs (10 deg)

  17. Single Unit Cone Photocurrent Measurements (Schnapf, Baylor et al).

  18. Current Recordings From a Cone

  19. There are Three Types of Cone Wavelength Responsivity

  20. L S M Stimuli Causing Equal Cone Signals Match Perceptually Absorption rate L M S Cone type

  21. Behavioral CMFs are accurately predicted by cone responsivities

  22. Color Matching and Context

  23. Blue Sky Direct Sun Illumination And Color Appearance Are Closely Coupled Through Color Constancy

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