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CURRENT E LECTRICITY

Drift speed refers to the average velocity at which free electrons move towards the positive terminal under an applied electric field. This phenomenon can be mathematically expressed as Vd = -eEt/m, where 'e' is the charge of an electron, 'E' is the electric field strength, and 't' denotes relaxation time. The current 'I' flowing through a conductor can be derived from I = neAVd, where 'n' is the number of free electrons, 'A' is the cross-sectional area, and 'l' is the length of the conductor. This relationship illustrates how drift speed influences electrical currents.

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CURRENT E LECTRICITY

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  1. CURRENT ELECTRICITY

  2. Drift speed • It is the velocity with which the free electrons get drifted towards the positive terminal under the effect of applied electric field. Vd= v1 + v2 + ……+vn n = at , where a=-eE m in terms of relaxation time t :- vd = =-eEt m

  3. ++++ ++++ - - - - - - - - + + + I - - - I vd l E - - - I Derivation of, I= neAVd • Volume of conductor = Al • No. of free electrons in the conductor= nAl • Total free charge in the conductor => q=nAle • Time taken by this free charge to cross the conductor => t = l/ Vd • Current I = q/t • =nAle l/Vd • I = neAVd A

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