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Chapter 4 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

Chapter 4 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION. Section 1: Sensation and Perception: The Basics Section 2: Vision Section 3: Hearing Section 4: Other Senses Section 5: Perception. Section 1: Sensation and Perception: The Basics.

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Chapter 4 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

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  1. Chapter 4SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Section 1:Sensation and Perception: The Basics Section 2:Vision Section 3:Hearing Section 4:Other Senses Section 5:Perception

  2. Chapter 4 Section 1: Sensation and Perception: The Basics Question: In what ways do sensation and perception contribute to an understanding of our environment? SENSATION AND PERCEPTION CONTRIBUTE TO AN UNDERSTANDING OF OUR ENVIRONMENT • Sensation provides information to the central nervous system about the physical environment • Perception is the process through which people interpret sensory stimulation

  3. Chapter 4 Section 2: Vision Question: How does the eye enable vision? THE EYE AND VISION • Light enters the eye and then is projected onto a surface • The amount of light that enters the eye is determined by the size of the pupil which adjusts automatically to the amount of light entering the eye • Once light enters the eye, it encounters the lens which adjusts to the distance of objects by changing its thickness

  4. Chapter 4 Section 2: Vision Question: How does the eye enable vision? THE EYE AND VISION (continued) • These changes project a clear image of the object onto the retina, which consists of neurons that are sensitive to the light called photoreceptors • Once the light hits the photoreceptors, a nerve carries the visual input into the brain where the information is relayed to the visual area of the occipital lobe

  5. Chapter 4 Section 3: Hearing Question: How does the ear perceive sound? HOW THE EAR PERCEIVES SOUND • Sound enters the outer ear and is funneled to the eardrum • Inside the middle ear, the hammer, anvil, and stirrup vibrate, transmitting the sound to the inner ear • Within the brain, auditory input is projected onto the hearing areas of the cerebral cortex

  6. Chapter 4 Section 4: Other Senses Question: What are the chemical, skin, and body senses? CHEMICAL, SKIN, AND BODY SENSES • Smell – allows a person to taste • Taste – sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and umami (meaty or savory) • Skin senses of pressure, temperature, and pain • Vestibular and kinesthetic body senses

  7. Chapter 4 Section 5: Perception Question: What are the laws of sensory perception? LAWS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION • Closure – the tendency to perceive a complete or whole figure even when there are gaps in what your senses tell you • Figure-ground perception – the perception of a figure against a background • Proximity – the tendency to group together visual and auditory events that are near each other

  8. Chapter 4 Section 5: Perception Question: What are the laws of sensory perception? LAWS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION (continued) • Similarity – thinking of similar objects as belonging together • Continuity – the tendency to group stimuli into continuous patterns

  9. Chapter 4 Question: What are the five types of sensation? Senses Body Senses Vision Hearing Smell Touch Taste

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