Day 6

1. Day 6 All igneous rocks form underground. Is the above statement true or false? Explain. False. Some form on Earth's surface from molten rock that is released when a volcano erupts. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

2. Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks(Part 1, steps 1-6) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

3. Rock Identification A and B Using the hand lens and the acid, complete the Rock number and Description columns. Use Resource Book pages 42-46. Steps for acid test: 1. Goggles 2. Paper towel (2 pieces) 3. 1-2 drops/reverse side 4. Dry up (max 30 sec)

4. Rock Identification A (#11 - 13) • pink, white, black, grey • shiny flat crystals • dense igneous intrusive 11 granite igneous • grey, black, white • dense • fine-grained 12 extrusive basalt, fine-grained • black, grey • holes of various sizes • dense igneous extrusive 13 basalt, vesicular

5. Rock Identification A (#16 - 19) • black, dark brown • very shiny, like glass • forms sharp edges igneous extrusive 16 obsidian igneous • grey, tan with holes • not very dense • would float in water extrusive 17 pumice • browns, reds • holes like pumice • does not float in water igneous extrusive 19 scoria

6. Rock Identification A (#21) igneous • mostly white, some tan • chalky, grainy 21 extrusive tuff

7. Rock Identification B (#1 - 15) comes from shale or mudstone metamorphic 1 • black, shiny schist comes from shale or granite metamorphic • white, tan, black with lines 14 gneiss comes from limestone metamorphic • fizzes in acid • white, crystalline 15 marble

8. Rock Identification B (#18 - 20) metamorphic comes from sandstone 18 • pink, crystalline quartzite metamorphic comes from shale 20 • black, hard, smooth slate

9. Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks(Part 1, steps 7-15) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

10. Layers of the Earth Inner Core: • At the center of the Earth • Solid iron and nickel Outer Core: • Surrounding the inner core • Molten iron and nickel Mantle: • Between the crust and core • The most massive part of Earth • Lower part is a soft (plastic) solid Crust: • The thin outer surface of the Earth • The part we stand on • If Earth were an egg, the crust would be the shell

11. Igneous Rocks Extrusive igneous rock forms when lava cools on the surface of the Earth Called lava on the surface examples: obsidian, pumice, tuff, scoria, basalt Intrusive igneous rock forms when magma cools below the surface of the Earth in the crust example: granite

12. Metamorphic Rocks • Metamorphic means “changed” • Rocks that have changed from other types of rock • The change is brought about by pressure and/or heat Called lava on the surface

13. Metamorphic Rocks Pressure occurs when • Rocks are buried deep in the Earth • Magma pushes up from below Heat occurs when rocks are covered with magma Heat and Pressure result when rocks are pressed down close to magma

14. Metamorphic Rocks When rocks get so hot that they melt, they turn into magma If magma resolidifies, it is a new igneous rock Metamorphic rocks never completely melt

15. Source and Morph Rocks All metamorphic rocks form from a source rock Source Rock (the original rock that changes) Morph Rock Heat and/or Pressure limestone marble

16. Source and Morph Results Source Morph shale slate shale or mudstone schist sandstone quartzite granite gneiss

17. Essay Question What forces are constantly shaping and reshaping Earth’s surface? (Hint: constructive/ destructive) Earth processes are going all the time. Destructive processes break down landforms. These include weathering, erosion, and tectonic plates sinking and melting. Constructive processes build up. They include mountain building, deposition (sedimentation), and new crust formation. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 17