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Global patterns in vegetation distribution

Global patterns in vegetation distribution. Outline. World climate zones Soil formation Primary production World biomes. 1. World climate zones. Temperature. Precipitation. Köppen Climate Classification. 90 o N. 0 o. 90 o S. Köppen Climate Classification. 90 o N. 0 o.

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Global patterns in vegetation distribution

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  1. Global patterns in vegetation distribution

  2. Outline • World climate zones • Soil formation • Primary production • World biomes

  3. 1. World climate zones

  4. Temperature Precipitation

  5. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN 0o 90oS

  6. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN 0o A - tropical climates 90oS

  7. Tropical moist (Af)

  8. Tropical monsoon (Am)

  9. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN B - arid, semiarid climates 0o A - tropical climates B - arid, semiarid climates 90oS

  10. Hot low-latitude desert (BWh)

  11. Cold mid-latitude steppe (BSk)

  12. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN C - mesothermal climates B - arid, semiarid climates 0o A - tropical climates B - arid, semiarid climates C - mesothermal climates 90oS

  13. Humid subtropical (Cfa) - year-round precipitation - hot summers

  14. Humid subtropical (Cwa) - winter drought - hot summers

  15. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN D - microthermal climates C - mesothermal climates B - arid, semiarid climates 0o A - tropical climates B - arid, semiarid climates C - mesothermal climates 90oS

  16. Humid continental (Dfb) - year-round precipitation - warm summers

  17. Köppen Climate Classification 90oN E - polar climates D - microthermal climates C - mesothermal climates B - arid, semiaridclimates 0o A - tropical climates B - arid, semiarid climates C - mesothermal climates 90oS E - polar climates

  18. 2. Soils

  19. Soil forming factors: • Geology (parent material) • Climate (temperature & moisture) • Topography (slope & drainage) • Biology (vegetation & soil organisms) • Time

  20. Soil Properties Texture 70% sand 10% clay 20% sand

  21. porosity (pore space) permeability (connectivity) Soil Properties

  22. Soil Properties Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

  23. Global Distribution of Soils

  24. 3. Primary Production

  25. Photosynthesis (gross primary production) H2O + CO2 + light  -CHOH- + O2 water carbon dioxide solar energy glucose, carbohydrate oxygen

  26. Respiration (energy consumption) -CHOH- + O2 H2O + CO2 + energy

  27. Net primary production, NPP NPP = photosynthesis - respiration

  28. Net primary production, NPP

  29. 4. World Biomes

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