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PPE – Hand Protection October 5, 2012

CII Towards optimising safety for CSR and sustainability. PPE – Hand Protection October 5, 2012. Hand Protection. Introduction to Hand protection Hand injury hazards at work sites Protection suggested Glove classification Standards followed Case Study Choosing the right glove

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PPE – Hand Protection October 5, 2012

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  1. CII Towards optimising safety for CSR and sustainability PPE – Hand Protection October 5, 2012 April 12

  2. Hand Protection • Introduction to Hand protection • Hand injury hazards at work sites • Protection suggested • Glove classification • Standards followed • Case Study • Choosing the right glove • Products from Mallcom • Summary April 12

  3. Hands are the chief organs for physically manipulating the environment, used for both gross motor skills (such as grasping a large object) and fine motor skills (such as picking up a small pebble). • The fingertips contain some of the densest areas of nerve endings on the body, are the richest source of tactile feedback, and have the greatest positioning capability of the body; thus the sense of touch is intimately associated with hands. April 12

  4. The hand A complex tool The palm A PERFECT DEXTERITY The back • 27 bones, 40 muscles • 3 nerves • skin. • 1 Accidentover 3 concerns hands • Around 8 millions days of work lost per year • 40% of the total work accidents April 12

  5. Hand Hazards can be broadly categorized into • Mechanical hazards • Cutting • Punctures • Crushing • Pinches • Rotating Equipment • Vibrating Equipment • Environmental Hazards • Extreme Temperatues • Electrical Hazards • Contact with skin irritant substances Cuts Punctures Rotating Equipment Vibrating Equipment Pinches April 12

  6. Everyday decontamination April 12

  7. April 12

  8. Miter Saws This guard is bolted open Guards must cover the blade and only retract as the blade cuts through material. April 12

  9. Guarding - Point of Operation This shows a radial arm saw equipped with proper point of operation guards The point of operation is where the work is actually performed on the materials – it must be guarded April 12 9

  10. When engineering and work control parameters do not remove the risk of a hazard …………. Suggested PPE April 12

  11. Types of Protection Gloves Textile Leather Synthetic Natural Synthetic Yarn Latex PVA UHMWPE Neoprene PVC Butyl Vinyl Polyethelene PU Work Cotton, Woolen Nylon, Polyester, Aramid Driver Seamless Knitted Cut & Sewn Winter Synthetic Coating Dotting Welder Classification on the basis of material April 12

  12. Material in gloves 1. Leather FULL GRAIN Types of leather: DERME SPLIT • Cowhide leather • (Full) GRAIN leather: external part of the leather Advantages : dexterity, comfort and supplesness • Goatskin leather: full grain leather only • Lambskin leather: full grain leather only • SPLIT leather: Internal part of the skin Advantages : lower cost, excellent resistance to abrasion • Pigskin leather: lower price April 12

  13. Material in gloves Tanning transforms the rough natural skin of the animals into leather, which is Rot-Proof and Non-Permeable and renders the leather supple. GrainThe grain layer is the outermost external side where the hair used to be. This grain-textured layer is regarded as the most expensive. SplitThis layer is the rougher internal side of hide. In the glove industry, it may be subcategoried as: Side Split This came from the back and side portions of the animal. The hide is densest here, yielding consistently durable grade leather. Shoulder Split This came from the shoulder area where the hide is less uniform in density and appearance. The result is less durable, but more affordable leather. Belly (Economy) Split The belly area yields the thinnest and least durable leather. April 12

  14. Material in gloves Parts & Types of a leather glove Driver gloves – Designed to resist vibration and provide maximum comfort Work gloves are designed to give comfort and ventilation, well padded on palm and breathable back. Winter gloves are designed to give good protection from cold Palm Back Cuff Welder gloves are designed to give maximum protection from heat and metal splashes April 12

  15. Material in gloves 2. Textile The needle is the main instrument on a knitting machine The gauge represents the numbers of needles in 1 english inch (= 2,54 cms)  The higher the gauge is, the finer the glove is (better dexterity and sensibility) Gauge April 12

  16. Material in gloves Cotton Polyester Polyamide Synthetic fibre Synthetic fibre Natural textile fibre • Resistance to abrasion and tearing • Elasticity • washable • Very good resistance to abrasion and tearing • Could be blend with wool and cotton • Similar to Nylon • Very good resistance to abrasion and tearing • Elasticity and ergonomic • Washable Cotton Polyamide Polyester April 12

  17. Material in gloves Cut & Sewn support Knitted support Flocking support Powder of cotton inside the glove • The higher the gauge better dexterity and sensibility. • More thicker the support better are the mechanical performances • The support is thin & comfortable • Good resistance to tearing • Absorption of transpiration • Comfort April 12

  18. Material in gloves Textile knitted gloves - Dotting Dotting is a process used which bestows its gloves with a superior grip, thus improving the quality of the finished products. The inherent Anti-Slip property of such Dotted Gloves helps in avoiding untoward accidents. This process involves the imprinting of PVC dots on the gloves, using an semi-automatic Rotary Screen Printing Machine April 12

  19. PPE RegulationCE standards • Objectives: • 1) Understand the importance to wear PPE (Law  Compulsory) • 2) Identify the differences between the categories of risks April 12

  20. EN Regulation 89/656/CEE Users/Employers Directive • Basis Principles: • To avoid risks • To estimate risks that can not be avoided • To fight against the origin of the risk • To adapt work to worker • To follow technological development • To inform and train workers • To give priority to collective protection Directive compulsory for all EN Members April 12

  21. EN Regulation 89/686/CEE Manufacturers Directive • The standard defines 3 categories of PPE according to the level of hazards : I II III • General Requirements for PPE: • Design principles (Ergonomics) • Innocuousness (No risks for user) • Comfort and efficiency • Information Supplied Categories Level Minors Intermediate Irreversible/Mortal User Information X X X Technical documentation X X X X Self-Certification CE Type Examination X X Quality Control System X Mark April 12

  22. EN Standards - Gloves EN 420This standard defines the general requirements for glove design and construction, innocuousness, comfort and efficiency, marking and information applicable to all protective gloves. EN 388Protection against mechanical hazards is expressed by a pictogram followed by four numbers (performance levels), each representing test performance against a specific hazard. EN 407 This standard specifies the test methods and the general requirements, the classification and the marking of gloves for protection against heat and/or fire (flames, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small metal splashes or large projections of molten metal). EN 374This standard specifies the capability of gloves to protect the user against chemicals and/or micro-organisms. EN 511 This standard applies to any gloves to protect the hands against convective and contact cold down to –50 °C. April 12

  23. EN 420 • Requirements • Glove Construction and Design • Gloves have to offer the greatest possible degree of protection in the foreseeable conditions of end use • When seams are included, the strength of these seams should not reduce the overall performance of the glove. • Innocuousness • The gloves themselves shouldn’t cause any harm to the user • pH of the glove should be between 3.5 and 9.5 • Chromium (VI) content should be below detection (less than 3 ppm) • Natural rubber gloves shall be tested on extractable proteins as per EN 455-3. Cleaning Instructions If care instructions are provided, the levels of performance should not be reduced after the maximum recommended number of cleaning cycles. April 12

  24. EN 420 • All productsneed to meet the requirements in directive 89/686/CEE, clearlyidentified by a standardized label • Brand logo • The productreference; • The size; • Information tag indicatingthat instruction manualisavailable for the product; • The standarizationpictogram(s) withtheir performance ratings Typical Example April 12

  25. EN 388 This standard applies to all kinds of protective gloves in respect of physical and mechanical aggressions caused by abrasion, blade cut, puncture and tearing. a b c d April 12

  26. TEARING RESISTANCE TEST ABRASION RESISTANCE TEST CUTTING RESISTANCE TEST April 12

  27. 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 EN 407 a - Resistance to flammability: based on the length of time the material continues to burn and glow after the source of ignition is removed. The seams of the glove shall not come apart after an ignition time of 15 seconds. b - Contact heat resistance: based on the temperature range (100-500 °C) at which the user will feel no pain for at least 15 seconds. If an EN level 3 or higher is obtained, the product shall record at least EN level 3 in the flammability test. Otherwise, the maximum Contact heat level shall be reported as level 2. c - Convective heat resistance: based on the length of time the glove is able to delay the transfer of heat from a flame. A level of performance shall only be mentioned if a performance level3 or 4 is obtained in the flammability test. a c b e b d f April 12

  28. 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 0 - 4 EN 407 d - Radiant heat resistance: based on the length of time the glove is able to delay the transfer of heat when exposed to a radiant heat source. A performance level shall only be mentioned if a performance level 3 or 4 is obtained in the flammability test. e - Resistance to small splashes of molten metal: the number of molten metal drops required to heat the glove sample to a given level. A performance level shall only be mentioned if a performance level 3 or 4 is obtained in the flammability test. f - Resistance to large splashes of molten metal: the weight of molten metal required to cause smoothing or pinholing across a simulated skin placed directly behind the glove sample. The test is failed if metal droplets remain stuck to the glove material or if the specimen ignites. e a b c d f f e April 12

  29. EN 374 EN 374-1: 2003 - Protective Gloves against micro- organisms and chemical risks EN 374-1: 2003 - Terminology and required performances EN 374-2: 2003 - Resistance to penetration (1 to 3) EN 374-3: 2003 - Resistance to permeation (0 to 6) To carry the chemical pictogram, products must now meet at least level 2 of EN 374-2 as well as a performance level 2 when tested against three of the following chemicals; For gloves that only meet at least level 2 of EN 374-2, the following pictogram should be used. April 12

  30. EN 374 a b c The ‘Chemical resistant’ glove pictogram must be accompanied by a 3-digit code. This code refers to the code letters of 3 chemicals (from a list of 12 standard defined chemicals), for which a breakthrough time of at least 30 minutes has been obtained. The ‘Micro-organism’ pictogram is to be used when the glove conforms to at least a performance level 2 for the Penetration test. April 12

  31. EN 511 • This standard applies to any gloves to protect the hands against convective and contact cold down to –50 °C. The ‘cold hazard’ pictogram is accompanied by a 3-digit number: a. Resistance to convective cold (performance level 0 - 4) b. Resistance to contact cold (performance level 0 - 4) c. Permeability by water (0 or 1) All gloves must achieve at least Performance level 1 for abrasion and tear. a - Resistance to convective cold: based on the thermal insulation properties of the glove which are obtained by measuring the transfer of cold via convection. b - Resistance to contact cold: based on the thermal resistance of the glove material when exposed to contact with a cold object. c - Permeability by water: 0 = water penetration after 30 minutes of exposure; 1 = no water penetration. a b c April 12

  32. Choosing the right glove Risks to be covered • Typical Use • Delicate operations • General handling • Heavy duty • Clean room • Multi-purpose • Chemical handling • Laboratory work • Medical examination • Food use • Oils • Chemicals • Cuts • Micro-cuts • Static electricity • Hydrocarbons • Heavy perspiration • Abrasion • Tears • Slips • Heat & cold • Chemical splashes • Viruses and bacteria April 12

  33. April 12

  34. Summary Hands are a precious asset to guide our next generation. Guard them against all odds. April 12

  35. Thank you! Preeti Mall Mallcom (India) Ltd. E-mail : safety@mallconindia.com Toll free : 1-800 3 45 46 47 Images – Courtsey National Safety Council Wikipedia OSHAX.org - The Unofficial Guide To the OSHA www.charleshowes.com April 12

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