1. NATO Science Programme Security Through Science Advisory Panel on Computer Networking Presentation to the SEEREN Inauguration Event Thessaloniki, 9 January 2004 Dr. Lajos Bálint HUNGARNET/NIIF Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

2. Mandate • Implementing basic NATO goals of “Security Through Science” by efficient communications • Computer networks • improve information exchange & consultation • access reliably and directly experts/knowledge • provide background to the Science Programme • Integration of scientists makes the world safe and secure Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

3. Approach • NIGs • Development of National Network Infrastructures • Encourage national collaboration • Encourage international collaboration • Joint efforts with other supporters • Infrastructure vs. applications • ANWs (Advanced Networking Workshops) • Consultants Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

4. Overview of Grants Some figures from the last 4 years: ~20 beneficiary countries [awarded NIGs/ ANWs] A.o. Romania 4 NIGs - 383 k€ The FYROM 3 ANWs - 144 k€ Total: ~30 awarded NIGs (~70 applications) ~15 awarded ANWs (~20 applications) ~ 6000 K€ fund allocated - 85 % for infrastructure development 15 % for technical/policy workshops Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

5. The Virtual Silk Highway Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

6. Funded by NATO $2.5 M over 2001-04 500 Mbps distributed among 8 countries Additional $1.0 M co-funded by Cisco, DESY/DFN, EU, NGOs Task Force of Panel members, consultants & funders National & regional collaborations Economy of scale, less expensive, higher bandwidth Central Asia Caucasus The Project and its Benefits DESY Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

7. Lessons from Silk Experiences • Size, scope and relevance has led to visibility and awareness • Dependant on proactive approach through ’Task Force’ (Panel members, consultants, ....) • Leverage for standards, cooperation and requirements • Leverage for co-funding • Seeding and catalytic effects • A dependable infrastructure for building contacts among NATO and Partner countries Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

8. Future Challenges 1 • Targeted region: lacking four major resources: infrastructure, expertise, funds, telco market • Aiding areas of low level of connectivity • Establishing links from Partner countries to the high speed global/European computer networks • Supporting infrastructural development - accesibility and co-operativeness improve - new applications emerge (incl. education) • NATO should remain major supporter Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

9. Virtual Silk Highway Russia GEANT GTREN JAPAN GRIDS Turkey TEIN CHINA EUMEDIS @lis India Central Africa Singapore APAN Australia South Africa Global Connectivity Through GEANT Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

10. Future Challenges 2 • Build on Panel experiences + link to core NATO goals • CNP objectives to match NATO priorities of security and peace • Need of progress based on science and education • SILK TF + developments in >20 countries: • good examples of co-operative activities • to be continued (Balkans, Ukraine, Russia, etc.) • new projects to launch (Afghanistan & Med. Dial.?) • Multiple impacts of NATO support on stability: • regional development  global security • Security Through Science Program Advisory Panel on Computer Networking

11. The Final Words Network infrastructure promotes • Internet access and • availability of information content and thus contributes to • open societies, by strengthening • democratic processes and enabling • overall development, first of all through aiding • improvement of education, and supporting • international communication and co-operation NATO’s involvement in closing the gap between information-rich and information-poor societies: immense positive effect on peace and security Advisory Panel on Computer Networking