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This article explores long-distance communication methods, focusing on carriers, modems, and signal transmission. It discusses signal loss due to resistance in copper wires, which converts electrical energy into heat. Various modulation techniques are examined, including amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase shift modulation. The significance of continuous oscillating signals and the alteration of carrier signals for binary data transmission is highlighted. Understanding these concepts is crucial for effective communication across vast distances, especially in computer networks.
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Long Distance Communications Carriers and Modems
Sending Signals Across Long Distances • Signal Loss • Resistance to the electrical signal in copper wire causes small amounts of electrical energy to be converted into heat.
Sending Signals Across Long Distances • Continuous Oscillating Signal • The Carrier • Modifying the Carrier • Amplitude Modulation Reduced to 2/3 for “1” bit. Reduced to 1/3 for “0” bit.
Sending Signals Across Long Distances Frequency Modulation
Sending Signals Across Long Distances • Phase Shift Modulation • Used by computer networks After phase shift the carrier continues to oscillate, but … Carrier abruptly jumps to a new point in the cycle The size of section removed determines the amount of shift. Changes timing of carrier wave abruptly …starts at a new point in the cycle Hardware measures amount of shift to determine the number of bits.