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AFTER OVULATION Corpus luteum : glandular structure around follicular cell.

AFTER OVULATION Corpus luteum : glandular structure around follicular cell. Follicular cell secrete progeterone during first part of cycle. Corpus luteum secrete abundant progesterone and estrogens during the last half of cycle. Blood progesterone concentration increases sharply.

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AFTER OVULATION Corpus luteum : glandular structure around follicular cell.

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  1. AFTER OVULATION • Corpus luteum: glandular structure around follicular cell. • Follicular cell secrete progeterone during first part of cycle. • Corpus luteum secrete abundant progesterone and estrogens during the last half of cycle. • Blood progesterone concentration increases sharply. • Progesterone causes the endometrium to become more vascular and glandular. • Stimulates uterine glands to secrete more glycogen and lipids. • Endometrial tissues fill with fluids containing nutrients and electrolytes.

  2. Estrogens and progesterone inhibit the anterior pituitary’s release of LH and FSH. • No other follicles are stimulated to develop when the corpus luteum is active. • If the egg cell is not fertilized; the corpus luteum begins to degenerate. • Connective tissue replaces it. • Remnant of corpus luteum is called a corpus albicans.

  3. When the corpus luteum ceases to function, concentrations of estrogens and progesterone decline rapidly. • Blood vessels of endometrium constrict. • Reduces the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the thickened uterine lining. • These lining tissues soon disintegrate and slough off. • Blood leaves damaged capillaries, creating a flow of blood and cellular debris and passes through the vagina. • Menstrual flow (menses)

  4. During menstrual period estrogen and progesterone is low; which means the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary are activated and FSH and LH concentrations soon increase. • Stimulating a new follicle to mature. • Menopause: when cycles cease. About after 35 years of cycling. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c8_-HdA9vJs

  5. 19.6 MAMMARY GLANDS • Secrete milk following pregnancy. • Areola pigmented skin that surrounds each nipple. • Composed of fifteen to twenty lobes. • Lobe contains: alveolar glands and an alveolar duct that leads to a lactiferous duct, which then leads to the nipple. • Dense connective tissue and adipose tissues separate the lobes.

  6. Suspensory ligaments; extends inward from the dermis of the breast to the fascia, helping to support the breast’s weight.

  7. BIRTH CONTROL • Contraception: to avoid fertilization of a secondary oocyte following intercourse (coitus). • Coitus interruptus: withdrawal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation. • Rhythm method: family planning, abstinence from sex a few days before and a few days after ovulation.

  8. MECHANICAL BARRIERS • Male condom • Female condom, bag-like inserted into vagina. • Diaphragm: cup-shaped with flexible ring forming the rim. Inserts into vagina, covers cervix. • Cervical cap: adheres to cervix by suction. (beeswax, lemon halves, paper, and opium poppy fibers)

  9. CHEMICAL BARRIERS • Creams, foams, and jellies with spermicidal properties. • Creates an unfavorable environment for sperm cells. • High failure rate

  10. COMBINED HORMONE CONTRACEPTIVES • Ring placed in vagina. • Plastic patch with hormones. • Commonly used is pill form. • Oral contraceptive: contains synthetic estrogen-like and progesterone-like chemicals. Disrupt the normal pattern of gonadotropin secretion and prevent the LH surge that triggers ovulation. • Also interfere with buildup of the uterine lining.

  11. DRAWBACKS • Nausea, retention of body fluids, increased skin pigmentation, and breast tenderness. • Intravascular blood clots, liver disorders, high blood pressure, especially if you smoke.

  12. SURGERY • Vasectomy: cutting of vas deferens, inhibiting sperm from being included in semen. • Tubal ligation, uterine tubes are cut and ligated.

  13. STD RESEARCH Chlamydia Genital Herpes Genital Warts Gonorrhea Syphilis Human Papiloma Virus (HPV)

  14. Any statistics regarding the rise or fall in the number of reported cases of your STD • Historical references to the origin and spread of your STD • The role of medical professionals and medicines used to combat your STD • Potential health hazards and dangers regarding your STD • Methods of protecting one’s self from getting your STD • References and agencies involved with combating your STD • Signs and Symptoms of your STD • Potential long term effects of your STD • The future with regard to your STD

  15. The research project should be turned in neatly handwritten or typed.  Remember to cite ALL references used, to include Web addresses when necessary.  A good place to start your research would be the Center for Disease Control, which can be located by searching this phrase on your computer.  You will be graded using the following rubric.  Good luck and happy researching!

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