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Thunderstorms

Thunderstorms. At any one time, nearly 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring around the world. The three conditions necessary for a thunderstorm to form are: 1) lots of moisture in the lower atmosphere 2) The now warmer air begins to rise 3) the atmosphere must be unstable.

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Thunderstorms

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  1. Thunderstorms • At any one time, nearly 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring around the world. • The three conditions necessary for a thunderstorm to form are: 1) lots of moisture in the lower atmosphere 2) The now warmer air begins to rise 3) the atmosphere must be unstable

  2. 3. There are air mass thunderstorms that form due to differences in air masses. 4. Frontal thunderstorms form by an advancing cold front usually.

  3. Stages of a Thunderstorm

  4. Stages of thunderstorm development

  5. 13.2-Severe Weather 6. A supercell is a self-sustaining, extremely powerful storm that has intense, rotating updrafts.

  6. Mammantus

  7. 7.Lightening is electricity caused by the rapid rush of air in a cumulonimbus cloud. 8. When lightening occurs, the air expands out rapidly, causing the sound of thunder.

  8. 9. A downburst is a violent damaging thunderstorm wind concentrated in a local area.

  9. Downburst

  10. Hail 10. Hail is precipitation in the form of balls or lumps of ice. They form in severe storms. Indicator of tornadoes!

  11. Hail formation

  12. 11. A tornado is a violent, rotating column of air in contact with the ground. 12. A change in wind speed and direction cause wind shear which creates a horizontal rotation. When it’s close enough to an updraft, it becomes vertical and thus a tornado.

  13. Anatomy of a tornado

  14. First photographed tornado- 1884

  15. Salt Lake City Tornado

  16. A dual funnel tornado

  17. 14. Weak tornadoes (F0-F1) make up 80% of all tornadoes. Last 1-10 minutes. On ground up to 3 miles. Wind speeds- 60-115 mph 15. Strong ones (F2-F3) make up 19%. Last up to 20 min. On ground up to 15 mi. Winds- 110-205 mph 16. Violent ones (F4-F5) make up only 1%. Last up to 1 hour. On ground up to 50 mi. Winds- over 200!

  18. Hook Echo

  19. Wind shear & Hook Echo

  20. April 3-4, 1974 Tornado Outbreak

  21. Waterspout

  22. Three Waterspouts!

  23. Tornado Alley!

  24. 18. More than 700 tornadoes occur each year in the U.S.

  25. Tornadoes & Hurricanes

  26. 13.3 Tropical Storms 1.A tropical cyclone is a large, rotating, low-pressure storm formed over warm, ocean water in the summer or fall. 2.Our storms form off the coast of Africa near the equator and move west/northwest.

  27. Hurricane formation

  28. 3.A tropical depression is an organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 38 mph or less. 4.A tropical storm has maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph. 5.A hurricane is an intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher.

  29. Saffir-Simpson Scale

  30. 25. Some famous hurricanes to strike NC are: Hugo (1989), Fran (1996), Floyd (1999), Isabel (2003) 26. Record hurricanes in the US: Andrew (1992), Katrina (2005)  27. The 2005 hurricane season set new records with 28 storms. With only 24 names, the last 4 storms were given letters (Alpha, Beta, etc.) Fifteen of these became hurricanes, seven were major hurricanes, with five that were category fours and four became category fives!!

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