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Understanding Severe Weather: Thunderstorms, Tropical Storms, and Their Impact

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52 diapositives · 681 Views · Aug 08, 2014

This guide explores severe weather phenomena, focusing on thunderstorms and tropical storms. It explains how energy from warm ocean waters fuels tropical cyclones, the role of low-pressure areas, and the Coriolis effect on storm movement. The document also details the stages and categories of hurricanes per the Saffir-Simpson scale, highlighting potential hazards such as storm surges and heavy rainfall. Additionally, it addresses recurring weather impacts like floods and droughts, emphasizing the importance of awareness and preparation for these natural events.

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  1. Thunderstorms Thunderstorms Severe Weather Tropical Storms Recurring Weather Chap. 13

  2. Thunderstorms

  3. The End

  4. Severe Weather

  5. The End

  6. Tropical Storms This image shows damage done by hurricane Lili in 2002

  7. Tropical Cyclones

  8. Tropical Cyclones • Energy comes from warm ocean waters

  9. Tropical Cyclones • Energy comes from warm ocean waters • Area of low pressure forms as a result of instability

  10. Tropical Cyclones • Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere)

  11. Tropical Cyclones • Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) • Names

  12. Tropical Cyclones • Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) • Names • Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean)

  13. Tropical Cyclones • Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) • Names • Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean) • Cyclones (Indian ocean)

  14. Tropical Cyclones • Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) • Names • Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean) • Cyclones (Indian ocean) • Hurricanes

  15. Tropical Cyclones • Paths of a storm

  16. Hurricanes

  17. Hurricanes • Parts

  18. Hurricanes • Parts • Eye Center of hurricane, characterized by calm winds and low pressure

  19. Hurricanes • Parts • Eye • Eyewall Band immediately surrounding eye, where strongest winds are found.

  20. Hurricanes • Parts • Stages

  21. Hurricanes • Parts • Stages Tropical Depression 38 mph

  22. Hurricanes • Parts • Stages Tropical Depression Tropical Storm 38 mph 39-73 mph

  23. Hurricanes • Parts • Stages Tropical Depression Tropical Storm Hurricane 38 mph 39-73 mph 74- mph

  24. Hurricanes • Parts • Stages • Categories Use the Saffir-Simpson scale

  25. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Sustained Winds Category Damage 1 74-95 mph Minimal

  26. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Sustained Winds Category Damage 1 74-95 mph Minimal 2 96-110 mph Moderate

  27. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Sustained Winds Category Damage 1 74-95 mph Minimal 2 96-110 mph Moderate 3 111-130 mph Extensive

  28. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Sustained Winds Category Damage 1 74-95 mph Minimal 2 96-110 mph Moderate 3 111-130 mph Extensive 4 131-155 mph Extreme

  29. Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Sustained Winds Category Damage 1 74-95 mph Minimal 2 96-110 mph Moderate 3 111-130 mph Extensive 4 131-155 mph Extreme 5 >155 mph Catastrophic

  30. Hurricanes • Hazards • Storm surges A ‘mound’ of water driven to shore by hurricane winds (up to 18 ft above normal level)

  31. Hurricanes • Hazards • Storm surges • Rains Can cause flooding

  32. Hurricanes • Hazards • Storm surges • Rains • Winds Can cause severe structural damage.

  33. The End

  34. Recurring Weather

  35. Floods and Droughts

  36. Floods and Droughts • Floods Occur when more water falls than can infiltrate or runoff an area.

  37. Floods and Droughts • Floods • Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain.

  38. Floods and Droughts • Floods • Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain. • Almost half of flood fatalities are vehicle related.

  39. Floods and Droughts • Floods • Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain. • Almost half of flood fatalities are vehicle related. • Six inches of fast moving water can knock you off your feet.

  40. Floods and Droughts • Droughts Extended periods of less than normal rainfall.

  41. Floods and Droughts • Droughts • Causes High pressure system with no jet stream activity

  42. Floods and Droughts • Droughts • Causes • Effects Affects agriculture, livestock, & people.

  43. Temperature conditions • Heat waves Extended periods of above-normal temperatures

  44. Temperature conditions • Heat waves • Causes Caused by high pressure system – sinking air warms as it’s compressed and blocks cooler air.

  45. Temperature conditions • Heat waves • Causes • Humidity adds to discomfort Moisture in the atmosphere decreases evaporation of sweat from your skin.

  46. Temperature conditions • Heat waves • Causes • Humidity adds to discomfort • Heat index Table used to determine apparent temperature

  47. Heat Index

  48. Temperature conditions • Cold waves Extended period of colder than normal temps.

  49. Temperature conditions • Cold waves • Causes Caused by high pressure polar or arctic air

  50. Temperature conditions • Cold waves • Causes • Jet stream keeps these air masses moving.