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Adaptations and Feeding Habits of Antarctic Penguins and Marine Mammals

This paper explores the fascinating adaptations of Antarctic penguins, such as the Gentoo, Chinstrap, and Adelie species, which enable them to thrive in cold waters and icy environments. Key features include solid bones, webbed feet, and modified forelimbs. It also examines the dietary habits of various seabirds like the Black-browed Albatross and Wilson’s Storm Petrel, alongside marine mammals including seals and whales, emphasizing their krill-based diets. The study highlights the interdependent relationships within the Antarctic ecosystem.

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Adaptations and Feeding Habits of Antarctic Penguins and Marine Mammals

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  1. Marine Ecology, June 6, 2007 Epipelagic/Antarctic 2

  2. Focus: Antarctic penguins Gentoo penguins (Photo: B. Grunewald) Chinstrap penguin (Photo: Shir Goldberg Adelie penguins (Photo: K. Haberman)

  3. Adaptations for swimming, diving, cold water & snow • Solid bones • Hindlimb • Rearward rotation • Webbed feet • Claws • Forelimbs • Modified as paddles • Air sacs: reduced • Other…

  4. Shift in penguin species on the Antarctic Peninsula

  5. Black-browed albatross • Feeds primarily on krill! Black-browed albatross Photo: K. Haberman

  6. Southern giant petrel • Feeds primarily on krill • “Gack” defense by young Southern giant petrel Photo: K. Haberman

  7. Wilson’s storm petrel • “Jesus birds”: feed on near-surface zooplankton (smaller krill species, copepods, amphipods) Wilson’s storm petrel Photo: K. Haberman

  8. Blue-eyed shag (cormorants) • Feed on fish and squid; deep divers • Have heavy bones like penguins Blue-eyed shag Photos: K. Haberman

  9. Kelp gulls • Limpet eaters! Kelp gulls Photo: K Haberman

  10. Order Pinnipedia, Family PhocidaeCrabeater seal Photo: Karen Haberman

  11. Crabeater seal skull showing krill eater teeth!

  12. Elephant seals

  13. Order Pinnipedia, Family PhocidaeLeopard seal Photo: Karen Haberman

  14. Order Pinnipedia, Family PhocidaeWeddell seal Photo: Karen Haberman

  15. Order Pinnipedia, Family OtariidaeSouthern fur seal (related to sea lions) Photo: Karen Haberman

  16. Order Cetacea; Suborder Mysticeti Humpback Whale Photo: K. Haberman

  17. Order Cetacea; Suborder Mysticeti Minke Whale Photo: Project Atlantis

  18. Order Cetacea; Suborder Mysticeti Blue Whale Photo: Project Atlantis

  19. Order Cetacea; Suborder OdontocetiFamily Delphinidae Orca Photo: NOAA

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