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TURKEY Transport and Trade

GENEL TRANSPORT. TURKEY Transport and Trade. September 2002 – Istanbul, Turkey. TURKEY. JUST FOR THE START. Location: Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia bordering the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Parliamentary Rebuplic

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TURKEY Transport and Trade

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  1. GENEL TRANSPORT TURKEY Transport and Trade September 2002 – Istanbul, Turkey

  2. TURKEY JUST FOR THE START Location: Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia bordering the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea • Parliamentary Rebuplic • Area About The Size of • Texas • 7,200 km Coastline • 2,627 km Land Boundary • 69 Million People

  3. TURKEY GEO-ECONOMICAL ‘East Meets West’ • Gateway from/to • Europe • C.I.S. • Black Sea • East Mediterrenean • Gulf

  4. TURKEY GEO-ECONOMICAL Among World’s 10 Big Emerging Markets • Growth Sectors • Energy • Telecommunications • Transport • IT • Textiles • Automotive • Iron & Steel • Defense • Tourism • Environment 60% of the Population is below the Age of 30

  5. TURKEY GEO-ECONOMICAL Close Integration With International Community • Memberships • UN • NATO • European Council • OECD • IMF • World Bank • GATT • EFTA • Black Sea E.C. Zone • EU Customs Union

  6. TURKEY EU Customs Union In Power Since 1996 • Turkey Fully Adopted EU Policies • Trade Regime • Legislative • Common External Tarif • vis-a-vis 3rd Countries • Trade Volume • Imports Increased by 40 % in • the First Year of the Union • Today the Volume is about • 40 Billion USD per Year

  7. TURKEY ECONOMY Turkey’s Total Exports in Years

  8. TURKEY ECONOMY Turkey’s Total Imports in Years

  9. TURKEY ECONOMY Turkey’s Total Foreign Trade in Years

  10. TURKEY First 10 Export Countries of Turkey • GERMANY 18,7 % • USA 11,6 % • UNITED KINGDOM 7,4 % • ITALY 6,4 % • FRANCE 6,0 % • THE NETHERLANDS 3,2 % • SPAIN 2,6 % • RUSSIA 2,3 % • ISRAEL 2,3 % • BELGIUM-LUXEMBOURG 2,3 %

  11. TURKEY First 10 Import Countries of Turkey • GERMANY 13,1 % • ITALY 7,8 % • USA 7,2 % • RUSSIA 6,9 % • FRANCE 6,6 % • UNITED KINGDOM 5,0 % • JAPAN 3,1 % • BELGIUM-LUXEMBOURG 3,1 % • SPAIN 3,0 % • THE NETHERLANDS 2,9 %

  12. TURKEY FREE ZONES IN TURKEY Becoming Popular & Effective TURKISH FREE ZONES Free Zones Law numbered 3218 was issued in 1985

  13. TURKEY FREE ZONES IN TURKEY All Kinds of Activities • Main Activities • Manufacturing • Storing • Packing • General Trading • Banking and Insurance

  14. TURKEY FREE ZONES IN TURKEY Basics • Turkish Free Zones are tax free zones • Sales into the domestic market are allowed • =>In contrast to most Free Zones in the world • They are adjacent to the major Turkish Ports on the Mediterranean, Aegean and Black Seas => Easy access to international airports and highways • No procedural restrictions regarding price, standards or quality of goods • Earnings and revenues are tax free and transferable • No restrictions on foreign firms operations. • =>Indeed the operator of Izmir FZ is an American firm.

  15. TURKEY Free Zones in TURKEY

  16. TURKEY Free Zones in TURKEY

  17. TURKEY Foreign Investment in TURKEY • The Turkish Goverment considers foreign capital as an essential tool in economic development • The foreign investment legislation provide: • a secure environment through bi/multileteral agreements, • transfer of profits, fees and royalties, • the repetriation of capital.

  18. TURKEY Foreign Investment in TURKEY • Cumulative foreign capital between 1954-1980 was only 280 million US $ • At the end of 2001 foreign investment the amount has reached to 29,2 billion US $ • There are over 5456 enterprises with foreign partnership in operation in various sectors • Leading investors are France, USA, Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, UK, Italy and Japan

  19. TURKEY Foreign Investment in TURKEY Figures of 2000 • 61.4 % of Foreign Investment were in Services, • 36.4 % in Manufacturing, • 2.2 % in Mining and Agriculture. • Sub-sectors with the greatest amount of authorized foreign investment include • Banking (13.9 %); • Trade (8.1 %); • Food, Beverage and Tobacco Processing (6.5 %); • Chemicals (6 %); • Electronics and Electrical Machinery (3.5 %).

  20. TURKEY Foreign Investment in TURKEY Cumulative Foreign Investment Permissions • Country Value ($mil.) Share • France 5,419.3 18.6 • Netherlands 3,967.3 13.6 • Germany 3,697.3 12.6 • United States 3,347.5 11.5 • United Kingdom 2,055.8 7.0 • Switzerland 2,030.4 6.9 • Italy 1,882.7 6.6 • Japan 1,507.3 5.2 • Belgium 377.7 1.3 • Saudi Arabia 298.7 1.0 • Others 4,638.0 15.9 • Total 29,224.4 100.0

  21. TURKEY Foreign Investment in TURKEY Cumulative Foreign Investment Permissions

  22. TURKEY Banking in TURKEY • Turkish finance is principally founded upon a universal banking system following EU practices on capital adequacy • Number of banks operating in Turkey increased to 75 • The banking system has undergone a rapid technological transformation in the past decade • Automatic Telling Machines (ATMs), Point of Scale (POS) terminals and Internet Banking are part of everyday business • At the end of 1998, 7,471 ATMs and 107,335 machines were installed • Moreover, nearly 19.3 million bank cards have been issued • All major banks offer Internet Banking Services for corporate users and individuals

  23. TURKEY Banking in Turkey Foreign Exchange Controls • There are no known foreign-exchange limits placed on importers by the government. • There are no restrictions on the transfer of funds in or out of the country. • Turkish Lira (TL) is fully convertible. • Most international transactions are, however, denominated in U.S. dollars or German marks due to these currencies‘ universal acceptance and the continuing monetary uncertainty caused by Turkey's high inflation rate. • Banks are allowed to deal in foreign exchange and to borrow and lend in foreign currencies. • Foreign exchange is freely traded and widely available.

  24. TURKEY LOGISTICS Forwarders Profile • Data of UTIKAD • Turkish Freight Forwarders’ Association • 186 Companies / 228 Offices • 10.000 Employees • 30 Bonded Warehouses • 150.000 sqm Bonded Area • 7 Billion Tonnes Cargo Yearly Forwarded • (30% of Total Moved)

  25. TURKEY TRANSPORT SECTOR Logistics Multi-Nationals in Turkey • DANZAS • SCHENKER • KUHNE & NAGEL • PANALPINA • FRANS MAAS • CIRCLE • EXEL • EXPEDITORS • MILITZER & MUNCH • HAMANN HELLMANN • MAERSK LOGISTICS

  26. TURKEY TRUCKING Biggest Fleet in Europe • Customs Borders • 2 to Bulgaria • 2 to Greece • 3 to Georgia • 2 to Armenia (n.act.) • 3 to Iran • 2 to Iraq • 2 to Syria • 22.000+ Vehicles • Member of IRU • CMR Party

  27. TURKEY SEAFREIGHT A Sea Trade Country • 7.200 km Coastline • 12 ports at Black Sea • 32 ports at Marmara Sea • 36 ports at Izmit Ind. Zone • 14 ports at Agean Sea • 14 ports at Mediterrenean • 72% • of Exports • 95% • of Imports

  28. TURKEY SEAFREIGHT Shipping Lines Calling Istanbul Ports EUROPEAN SIDE ADMIRAL AMERICANASHIP BCL CONTSHIP COSCO CTE DELMAS LINE EL KENZ EMES GRIMALDI HANJIN SHIPPING LINE HAPAG-LLOYD ITALIAN LINE K LINE LYKES MAERSK-SEALAND MCL MEDEX MSC NORASIA NORMED OTAL LINE SARLIS SENATOR SUDCARGOS TARROS LINE TM LINES TMM TURKON UASC YANG MING LINE ASIAN SIDE AMERICANASHIP ARMADA BORCHARD BULCON CANMAR CMA CONTAZ CONTSHIP CTE DELMAS LINE ELLERMAN EMES GRACECHURCH HAMBURG SÜD HAPAG-LLOYD ITALIAN LINE MAERSK-SEALAND MCL MEDEX MISK NORASIA OOCL P&O NEDLLOYD SARLIS SENATOR UASC YANG MING LINE ZIM

  29. TURKEY SEAFREIGHT A Turkish Line Calling US Ports • 100% Turkish Private Capital • Established in 1997 as First Private Turkish Liner Operator • 5 x 1145 TEU Capacity Container Carriers • Departs from ISTANBUL / GEMLIK / IZMIR • Route 1: GENOA / MARSEILLE / BARCELONA / NEW YORK / • NORFOLK / CHARLESTON / LISBON / BARCELONA / • MARSEILLE / GENOA / ISTANBUL • Route 2: MERSIN / ASHDOD / HAIFA / ALEXANDRIA / ISTANBUL • Fastest Service to US • Biggest Market Share at TR-US Inbound/Outbound Container Traffic by 30% • Own Vessels Built at Own Shipyard • 60.000 TEU Handled in 2001

  30. TURKEY SEAFREIGHT Container Handling At State Railway Ports Importance of Agean and Mediterrenean Ports

  31. TURKEY SEAFREIGHT RO-RO Transportation Became Necessary During The Balkan War To Maintain Truck Traffic To/From Europe via Italy • A Cost Effective Multimodal Solution • For Truck Ops • + Clients • Less Customs Passages • No Transhipment(s) • Routes • Istanbul – Trieste (I) • Cesme – Trieste (I) • Samsun – Novorossiysk (RUS) • Zonguldak – Evpatoria (UKR)

  32. TURKEY IMPORTANCE OF EU-INTEGRATION Total Export & Import Sea Cargo Loads* *Turkish Chamber of Shipping Commerce

  33. TURKEY AIRFREIGHT 40 Airports Total / 19 International • Multimodal: • Truck + Air • For US/Canada • via Greece • Shorter Transit Times • Than Containerized Exports • Atractive Cost Reductions • for Exporters • Istanbul: • 3 Airports for Cargo Handling • Ataturk – European Side • Corlu – European Side • S. Gokcen - Asian Side

  34. TURKEY AIRFREIGHT Export ex Istanbul

  35. TURKEY AIRFREIGHT Export Total ex Turkey

  36. TURKEY TURKISH AIRLINES • The State Owned National Carrier • 90 International Destinations • 30 Domestic Destinations

  37. TURKEY AIRFREIGHT A Successful Turkish Carrier • 100% Turkish Private Capital • Established in 1996 • 5 x Airbus A300 Cargo Aircraft • 1 x Airbus A300B4-203 Passenger Aircraft • Provides ACMI, Block-Space and Ad-Hoc Charter Contracts to • -> Lufthansa, Turkish Airlines, Air France, Cargolux, • United Parcel Service, Federal Express and Royal Jordanian Airways • Regular Cargo Flights from ISTANBUL IST to • -> LONDON LUTON 4 Flights • -> FRANKFURT HAHN 2 Flights • -> PARIS CDG 3 Flights • STANDART & POORS - B STABLE CREDIT DEGREE • BEST EUROPEAN CARGO CARRIER IN LAST THREE YEARS

  38. GENEL TRANSPORT Who We Are A Group of Companies -> GENEL TRANSPORT Forwarding & NVOCC -> VIKING CARGO IATA Air Cargo Agent -> TET CONSULTING IT Solution Provider

  39. GENEL TRANSPORT GENEL TRANSPORT Forwarding & NVOCC • Active In All Aspects of • Forwarding Since 1988 • Developes and Refines • Services & “Products” • ATLAS Member since 1999

  40. GENEL TRANSPORT VIKING CARGO IATA Air Cargo Agent • Founded in 1999 • Handles Solely Air Cargo • (incl. Chartering) • As of Dec. 2001: • A TOP 50 IATA Company • (out of 130)

  41. GENEL TRANSPORT TET CONSULTING IT Solution Provider • Founded in 1996 • Developes & Maintains • General IT Frameworks • & Logistics Bases • Ranks At No 2 • Amongst Best Support IT Companies

  42. GENEL TRANSPORT Regular Container Services Weekly Direct LCL Departures ex Turkey • Tunis – Tunisia • Casablanca - Marocco • Alexandria - Egypt • Ashdod - Israel • New York - USA • Worldwide Destinations via • Antwerp/Rotterdam

  43. GENEL TRANSPORT Regular Trucking Services Groupage LTL + Multimodal Transhipments • Weekly LTL • ex Istanbul • Germany • France • UK • Benelux • Iran • Saudi Arabia • Jordan • Weekly LTL • to Istanbul • Germany • France • UK • Benelux • Container • + Truck • Transhipments • to • C.I.S. • Countries

  44. GENEL TRANSPORT Some Project Shipments GSM Equipment for AZERCELLex ERICSSON Turkey Ankara – Baku 240 tons in 1998 GSM Equipment for KAZAKHCELLex ERICSSON Turkey Ankara – Almaty 260 tons in 1999 HUGHES Satellite Communication Equipment for DEXAR USA various – Istanbul 5800 cbm in 2000 NORTHERN TELECOM ISP Equipment for HEXCOM USA various – Istanbul 2350 cbm in 2000 TELECOM ITALIA GSM 1800 Infrastructure Equipment for ISBANK Milan-Istanbul 1280 cbm in 2001 MAZAK CNC Turning Sets for FORM MAKINA Leicester UK-Istanbul 1274 cbm in 2001

  45. GENEL TRANSPORT http://www.geneltransport.com.tr

  46. TURKEY SHIPPING INTO TURKEY MASTER AWB / Ocean B/L s/ WCA Freight Forwarder c/ Your Local Agent [GENEL TRANSPORT] HOUSE AWB / Ocean B/L s/ Actual Shipper c/ Actual Consignee or Advising Bank IMPORTANT: • The Weight / Volume and Number of Pieces Mentioned on the Master and the House Must be the Same

  47. TURKEY SHIPPING VIA TURKEY MASTER AWB / Ocean B/L s/ WCA Freight Forwarder c/ Your Local Agent [GENEL TRANSPORT] n/ Consignee at Final Destination / 3rd Country HOUSE AWB / Ocean B/L s/ Actual Shipper c/ Actual Consignee or Advising Bank • IMPORTANT: All Shipping Documents Should Have the Remark: “IN TRANSIT VIA TURKEY TO ........... ”

  48. TURKEY CUSTOMS CLEARENCE Documents Required From the Overseas Shipper: • Original Commercial Invoice • Packing List • Shipping Documents • A.TR for the Goods originated from or Pre-cleared at EU • EURO 1 (Free trade agreement) Documents Required from the Importer • Power of Attorney • Tax Office Registration Proof • Import License (for certain commodity groups)

  49. TURKEY IMPORT/EXPORT Documentation • Turkish documentation procedures follow the European Union system. • A commercial invoice, • a certificate of origin • and a bill of lading ,or airway bill, depending on the method of shipment used, must accompany all commercial shipments. • Import licenses and phytosanitary certificates are necessary for food and agricultural commodity imports.

  50. TURKEY IMPORT/EXPORT Documentation • Commercial Invoice: The commercial invoice must be submitted in triplicate, including the original copy; and must contain a complete description of the goods and all required payment terms. • Bill of Lading: Details in the bill of lading should correspond exactly to those given in other shipping documents.

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