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Op Amps

Op Amps. Op-Amp Terms. Op-Amp- An active circuit element designed to perform mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, differentiation and integration. (Textbook) High performance linear amplifier that requires a power source to operate. Gain-

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Op Amps

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  1. Op Amps

  2. Op-Amp Terms • Op-Amp- • An active circuit element designed to perform mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, differentiation and integration. (Textbook) • High performance linear amplifier that requires a power source to operate. • Gain- • Amount of amplification produced by an Op-Amp. Gain is independent from the supply voltage (power given for the Op-Amp to operate).

  3. Stuff The Book Dosen't Tell You • Open-Loop Mode- • Function of an Op-Amp when the feedback resistor (Rf) is zero. The Op-Amp operates as a comparator and not as a linear amplifier. • Comparator- • Compares the –V and +V inputs to see which is greater and returns a result. • Bandwidth- • The range of frequency at which an Op-Amp will function. • (Ideal = ∞)

  4. Input Offset Voltage- • Even when there is no input voltage the Op-Amp gives off a small voltage. This can be canceled out by use of the Offset Null pin on the chip. • (Non-Ideal) • Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)- Ability of an Op-Amp to reject a signal applied to both inputs simultaneously. • Slew Rate (V/µs)- • Amount of time it takes for the Op-Amp to step to another voltage level. (Non-Ideal)

  5. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) (%)- “Percent Error” of an Op-Amp. Amount of deviation from the ideal output signal. (Non-Ideal) Large Amount of TMD

  6. 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 741 Op-Amp Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ±18 V Power Dissipation 500 mW Diff. Input Voltage ±30 V Input Voltage ±15 V Operating Temperature 0°C to 70°C Characteristics Input Offset Voltage 2 to 6 mV Input Resistance .3 to 2 MΩ CMMR 70 to 90 dB Bandwidth .5 to 1.5 MHz Slew Rate .5 V/µs Offset Null Unused - IN + V + - Out + IN Offset Null - V

  7. Inside A 741 Op-Amp

  8. 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 1458 Dual Op-Amp Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ±18 V Power Dissipation 500 mW Diff. Input Voltage ±30 V Input Voltage ±15 V Operating Temperature 0°C to 70°C Characteristics Input Offset Voltage 1 to 6 mV Input Resistance .3 to 1 MΩ CMMR 70 to 90 dB Bandwidth .5 to 1.5 MHz Offset Null Unused - + - IN + V - + Out + IN Offset Null - V

  9. 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 386 Audio Amplifier Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ±15 V Power Dissipation 660 mW Input Voltage ±.4 V Operating Temperature 0°C to 70°C Characteristics Input Resistance 50 kΩ CMMR 70 to 90 dB Bandwidth 300 kHz Total Harmonic Distortion 0.2% +Gain Gain Bypass - IN - + + V + IN GND Out

  10. 6 5 1 3 4 7 8 9 2 546 Audio Power Amplifier IC + - Phase Vcc Bypass Out GND In Filter NFB Characteristics Slew Rate .5 V/µs Offset Voltage +3 to +7 mV Output Current 20 mA Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage +3 to +32 V Operating Temperature 0°C to 70°C Voltage Noise 40 (nV/√Hz)

  11. - + Basic Inverting Amplifier R2 R1 In Out Amplifies and Inverts Input Gain = -(R2/R1) R3

  12. + - Basic Non-Inverting Amplifier In Out R1 R2 Amplifies Input Gain = 1+(R2/R1)

  13. - + Unity Gain Folower Waste of an Op Amp? +V Out In -V Used to amplify current or buffer signal.

  14. - + Non-Inverting Comparator V ref V Out V in The Hardware “If / Else” Statement

  15. Op Amps Are Cool Op-Amps have many applications and can be used when a signal needs to be modified, amplified or compared.

  16. Bargraph Voltmeter +V R2 LED R1 + R1 - LED R1 + R1 - LED + R1 R1 - LED + R1 R1 - - + - + -V +V In

  17. - + Audio Mixer R1 R1 Source 1 R1 Source 2 Out R1 R1 Source 3

  18. "Duck Hunt"

  19. Op Amp As A Pre-Amplifier

  20. Applications For Sound

  21. MXR Distortion +

  22. Jeckyll & Hyde Overdrive Relient K • Other Bands • Audio Adrenaline • Earth, Wind & Fire • Metallica • The Strokes • U2

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