Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Jerra Miller Period 5 th

1. Galileo Galilei(1564-1642) Jerra Miller Period 5th Jerra miller Period 5th

2. Galileo’s background • Born in Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564 • Father- Vincenzo Galilei (musician) Mother- Giulia delgiAmmannati • The first of six children that belonged to nobility, but were not rich • In early 1570s, he and his family moved to Florence • He never married, but had a brief relationship with Marina Gamba, a women he met on his many trips to Venice • Marina bore him three children, two daughters and one son, Virginia, Livia, and Vincenzio, his daughters were put into convents, where they became Sister Maria Celeste and Sister Arcangela • In 1610, Galileo moved from Pauda to Florence where he took a position at the Court of the Medici family • In 1613, Marina married Giovanni Bartoluzziand Vincenzio joined his father

3. Galileo and the Pendulum • In 1581, Galileo began studying at the University of Pisa, where his father hoped he would study medicine • While at the University, Galileo began his study of the pendulum while he watched a suspended lamp swing back and forth in the cathedral • Not until 1602, he made his notable discovery about the pendulum- the period (the time in which a pendulum swings back and forth) • This discovery led to his further study of time intervals and the development of his idea for the pendulum clock

4. Galileo on Motion • Helearned the physics of the Ancient Greek scientists, Aristotle, but he questioned the Aristotelian approach to physics • Aristotelians believed that heavier objects fell faster through a medium than lighter ones • Galileo disapproved this idea by asserting that all objects, regardless of their density, fall at the same rate in a vacuum, to prove this theory he performed various experiments, such as dropping objects from certain heights • He wrote down his discoveries about motion, that later became his book, De Motie, “On Motion”

5. Galileo’s Mechanical devices • In 1592, he was appointed professor of mathematics • In 1593, he was presented with the problem involving the placement of oars in galleys, that treated the oar as a lever and correctly made the water the fulcrum • A year later, patented a model for a pump, a device that raised water by using only one horse

6. Galileo’s telescope • Invented many mechanical devices other than the pump, such as the • hydrostatic balance • He made his first telescope in 1609, that modeled after telescopes that were produced in parts of Europe, that could magnify objects three times • The same year, he created a telescope that magnified twenty times • He was able to look at the moon, observe a supernova, verify the phases of Venus, a discover sunspots • Discoveries proved the Copernican System, which is the earth and other planets revolve around the Sun • Prior to the Copernican System, it was held that the universe was geocentric, which is the Sun revolved around the Earth • Due to his theory, he got in trouble with the Catholic Church

7. References • www.galileo.rice.edu ( The Galileo Project)