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Conjoined Twins

Conjoined Twins. Lucia Marchetto. Craniopagus Conjoined Twins: Krista & Tatiana. Genetically identical and the same sex Unique neural anatomy thalamic bridge Believed that the thalamic bridge connects the thalamus of one to the thalamus of the other

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Conjoined Twins

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  1. Conjoined Twins Lucia Marchetto

  2. Craniopagus Conjoined Twins: Krista & Tatiana • Genetically identical and the same sex • Unique neural anatomy thalamic bridge • Believed that the thalamic bridge connects the thalamus of one to the thalamus of the other • Possible that they could share sensory input (thalamus is the relay station) • Can not be separated result in death or paralyzing one • Visual cortex signals received at the other brain so they could see what the other is seeing • Krista and Tatiana are unique among craniopagus twins

  3. Parapagus & DithoracicParapagus Conjoined Twins: • Fused side by side with a shared pelvis • Heart may or may not be shared • Dithoracicparapagus: fused at the abdomen and pelvis, but not thorax • Abby & Brittany (23 years old) are a famous case of dithoracicparapagus twins • have individual organs in the upper part of their body, while most of them located at or below the level of the navel are shared, the exception being the spinal cord • Parents rejected having them separated they would most likely not survive • Highly symmetric giving the appearance of having a single body • Each twin controls his/her own half of their body

  4. OmphalopagusConjoined Twins: • One of the most common types • Bodies fused at the lower chest • Heart is never involved in these cases • Twins often share a liver, digestive system, diaphragm and other organs • Four arms, four legs and two pelvises

  5. Thoracopagus Conjoined Twins: • Almost always share a heart making separation difficult • Share a face-to-face connection at the chest • Four arms, four legs and two pelvises • The Buckels Twins, Erin and Jade, were connected from mid chest to naval and shared a pericardium (sac around the heart), diaphragm and liver • Their hearts shared a small electrical connection and beat in sync • Erin’s heart was 60% in Jades chest • Erin and Jade were successfully separated • Erin is a paraplegic and attends therapy. She uses leg braces and is progressing everyday

  6. Xiphopagus Conjoined Twins: • Joined at the xiphoid process (part of the sternum) • Usually linked by cartilage and soft tissue • They are joined from the navel to the lower breastbone • Twins share no vital organs • Shared livers • These types of twins are the easiest to separate • These types of twins are a subset of Omphalopagus

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