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The Seven Kings of Rome: From Romulus to Tarquinius Superbus

Explore the fascinating history of the Seven Kings of Rome, beginning with the legendary Romulus, the mythical founder who ruled until 714 BC. Each subsequent king, from Numa Pompilius, renowned for his wisdom and religious reforms, to Tarquinius Superbus, whose tyranny led to the fall of monarchy and rise of the Republic, left lasting legacies. Discover significant events, reforms, and the political dynamics that shaped ancient Rome's early governance in this concise overview of its foundational rulers.

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The Seven Kings of Rome: From Romulus to Tarquinius Superbus

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Italy, 500 BC

  2. First King of Rome- Romulus • Romulus is the mythic founder of Rome • Dies in 714 BC • Period of interregnum

  3. Second King of Rome- NumaPompilius • Rules 714-673 BC • Sabine • Known for piety, wisdom • Made peace with neighbors • temple of Janus • Calendar reforms • Religious reforms

  4. Third King of Rome- TullusHostilius • Rules 673-641 • Military focus • Makes war with Alba Longa • Built Curia Hostilia

  5. Curia Julia- replaces Curia Hostilius and Curia Cornelius

  6. Reconstruction of the Curia Julia

  7. Fourth King of Rome- AncusMarcius • Rules 641-616 BC • Grandson of Numa • Restored religious observances • Separated religious/military obligations for kings • Built port of Ostia

  8. Fifth King of Rome- Lucius TarquiniusPriscus • Rules 616-579 BC • Wealthy Etruscan who moved to Rome • Married Tanaquil • Campaigns for the throne as Ancus is dying • Doubles number of senators • Created Circus Maximus

  9. Imperial palace and Circus Maximus

  10. Circus Maximus

  11. Lucius TarquiniusPriscus cont. • Adopts ServiusTullius as a son because of miraculous sign • The sons of Ancus make an assassination attempt • Sevius takes command as a temporary king • Sons of Ancus flee • TarquiniusPriscus dies

  12. Sixth King of Rome- ServiusTullius • Rules 578-535 • Born a slave, adopted by TarquiniusPriscus • Reforms class structure based off how much armor/weapons a man could afford • Poor relieved of military burden • Allotted more political power to wealthy

  13. ServiusTullius cont. • TarquiniusPriscus had 2 legitimate sons: Tarquin (older) and Arnus (younger) • ServiusTullius had 2 daughters: Tullia (older) and Tullia (younger) • Tarquin marries Tullia the Older • Arnus marries Tullia the Younger • Tullia the Younger and Tarquin conspire, kill their spouses, marry each other, kill ServiusTullius

  14. Seventh King of Rome- TarquiniusSuperbus • Rules 534-509 • Killed the supporters of ServiusTullius • Forced-labor building projects: • Temple of Jupiter • Cloaca Maxima • Engages in more wars

  15. The Fall of the Kingdom and Birth of the Republic • Son of TarquiniusSuperbus, Sextus, and Collatinus get into argument over whose wife is better • Sextus’ wife was at a party, Collatinus’ wife, Lucretia, was at home working • Sextus rapes Lucretia • Lucretia calls together her husband, father, and brother, then commits suicide • People of Rome rise against the Tarquins

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