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Living Longer

Living Longer. Ageing Well Dr Maeve Rea Department of Geriatric Medicine i.rea@qub.ac.uk. Nonagenarian Numbers are growing. Life Expectancy across World. In proportional terms, gains in life expectancy will be higher at older ages. Northern Ireland Nonagenarians.

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Living Longer

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  1. Living Longer Ageing Well Dr Maeve Rea Department of Geriatric Medicine i.rea@qub.ac.uk

  2. Nonagenarian Numbers are growing

  3. Life Expectancy across World

  4. In proportional terms, gains in life expectancy will be higher at older ages

  5. Northern IrelandNonagenarians

  6. Projected Populations -2044

  7. What do we know about Nonagenarians?

  8. The older you getthe sicker you get ?Is this true?

  9. What is the Evidence?

  10. OKINAWA Study • 25 year study of the world’s longest-lived population • Largest number of centenarians in the world • Equal numbers of males and females

  11. Okinawa Study • Young arteries (cholesterol <4 umols/l) • Diet with lots of fresh vegetables • Exercise in abundance • Good family and social support

  12. The Danish 1905 Cohort Survey • 2,262 Nonagenarians • Functional Status and Self-Rated Health

  13. Danish 1905 CohortActivities of Daily Living Scale • 50% men • 41% women were not disabled • 19% men • 22% women were severely disabled

  14. Perls Boston Study • 350+ centenarians • Time to onset of age-related diseases • Threeprofiles emerged from their health history

  15. Survivors, Delayers, Escapers • ‘survivors’, 42% • ‘delayers, 45% • ‘escapers’, 13%

  16. Whichfactors which contribute to ‘successful ageing’

  17. BELFASTElderly Subjects • 250 apparently well nonagenarian subjects were recruited as part of the Belfast Elderly Longitudinal Free-living Aging STudy (BELFAST) • Aged 90-103 years, Living at home • Mentally well (Folstein >27/30)

  18. Cardiovascular risk and ‘successful ageing’

  19. Weight Mean Male Female Weight56.7 60.5 56.2 kg

  20. Blood Pressure MEAN MALE FEMALE Systolic131.2 130.0 132.5 mmHg Diastolic 88.2 85.8 88.8 mmHg

  21. Conclusions • in BELFAST study • nonagenarians in the upper range for weight and BMI were 40% more likely to have BP in hypertensive range compared to those with the lower weights

  22. Smokers Few

  23. Immunology and ‘successful ageing’

  24. Natural Killer Cellsin BELFAST study

  25. Gunships of the Immune System

  26. Natural Killer Cell

  27. Natural Killer Cells

  28. CYTOKINES BELFAST inBELFASTStudy

  29. Cytokines out of Balance Activating Calming

  30. IL-12 activating and increasing

  31. Nutrition and ‘Successful Ageing’

  32. We are what we eat?What do Nonagenarians eat? • 24 hour dietary recall • Lowish in calories • Wide range of nutrition including protein • Often cooked food for self as had done through life

  33. What shall we eat? • Sweet potatoes contain sirtuin, a protein signalling molecule that some scientists believe is important in delaying ageing

  34. Social Integration

  35. Genes and ‘Successful Ageing’

  36. ApoE Frequencies BELFAST

  37. Mitochondrial Haplotype J and Longevity

  38. Mitochondrial Tree Ross and Rea Ireland Debenedictis G et al Italy Neimi et al Finland

  39. Genes and Longevity 25-30%

  40. GEnetics of Healthy Ageing -3200 pairs of 90+ brothers and sisters across Europe EU-funded study -Study to look at genes for healthy ageing Dr I Maeve Rea, Principal Investigator Northern Ireland

  41. Elderly Sisters Can you help us find a sibling pair/s for GEHA? Contact Anne, Senior Research Nurse on 07948489197 (mobile) or 02890291350 pm or 02890972156/2153

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