Understanding Race, Ethnicity, and Nationality: Exploring the Differences

1. These 3 things are not the same! Try to define them: Race: Ethnicity: Nationality: A group that is set apart from others because of physical differences that have social significance A group set apart from others primarily due to distinctive cultural patterns. A group set apart because of country of origin

2. Ethnicity: • Cultural traits, rather than arbitrary physical characteristics. Ethnicity dominates the world’s patterns • Ethnic groups tied to place • Shared history, traditions, cultural landscapes, perceived threat to language or religion • Ethnicity comes from opposing forces of connections with other groups, and isolation from them

3. Nationality Why do you think of yourself as a Sewanhaka Student?

4. “It isimaginedbecause the members of even the smallest nation will never know most of their fellow-members, meet them, or even hear of them, yet in the minds of each lives the image of their communion” “The nation is imagined as limited because even the largest of them, encompassing perhaps a billion living human beings, has finite, if elastic, boundaries, beyond which lie other nations.” “It is imagined as sovereign because the concept was born in an age in which Enlightenment and Revolution were destroying the legitimacy of the divinely-ordained, hierarchical dynastic realm” “…of the nation…it is an imagined political community- and imagined as both inherently limited and sovereign.” Benedict Anderson

5. Key Terms: Nation: group of people with same cultural background- same as a cultural group- State: distinct area organized into an, sovereign political unit and ruled by an established government with control over internal and foreign affairs, economic activity, and public services (state=country) Nation-state: a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality

6. STATES: NATIONS:

7. The Nation-State: Ethnicities desire for self-determination throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries led to the political boundaries of Earth becoming a series of nation-states. Places like France, Egypt, Germany, and Japan are excellent examples of nation-states. Most of Western Europe was a collection of nation-states by 1900

8. Rise of Nationalities: Nationalism Sense of loyalty and devotion to a nationality Mass media helps foster this Promoted by symbols of the nation-state (flags and songs) Acts as a centripetal force because it unifies people and enhances support for a state Acts as a centrifugal force because people often identify more with an ethnicity than a nationality

9. Negative Impacts of Nationalism: Sense of national unity sometimes achieved through negative images of other nations Extreme forms include chauvinism, jingoism, Nazism, and others.

10. Multi-ethnic & Multinational States: Multi-ethnic state: contains more than one ethnicity, but has one nationality (e.g. The U.S.) Multi-national state: contains two or more nationalities with traditions of self-determination (e.g. United Kingdom, Soviet Union) Relationships between nationalities vary.

11. United Kingdom: England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland Great Britain: England, Scotland, Wales The term “Great Britain” originated on Oct. 20, 1604 when James I took throne. Instead of saying “King of England and Scotland” he referred to himself as “King of Great Britain.”