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French Revolution 1789-1799

French Revolution 1789-1799. The Old Regime. Old Regime – socio-political system which existed in most of Europe during the 18 th century Countries were ruled by absolutism – the monarch had absolute control over the government Classes of people – privileged and unprivileged

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French Revolution 1789-1799

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  1. French Revolution1789-1799

  2. The Old Regime • Old Regime – socio-political system which existed in most of Europe during the 18th century • Countries were ruled by absolutism– the monarch had absolute control over the government • Classes of people – privileged and unprivileged • Unprivileged people – paid taxes and treated badly • Privileged people – did not pay taxes and treated well

  3. Society under the Old Regime • In France, people were divided into three estates • First Estate • High-ranking members of the Roman Catholic Church • Privileged class • Second Estate • Rich nobles • Privileged class • Third Estate • Everyone else, 97% of the people– from peasants in the countryside to wealthy bourgeoisie (middle class) merchants in the cities • Unprivileged class • Paid taxes • Resented First and Second Estates

  4. What does this political cartoon say about conditions in France under the Old Regime?

  5. Influenced by… • Enlightenment ideas • Writings of Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau • Great Britain’s Glorious Revolution • American colonists rebellion against the British king

  6. France Is Bankrupt • 1770’s and 1780’s France’s government sank into debt • The king (Louis XVI) lavished money on himself and residences like Versailles • Queen Marie Antoinette was seen as a wasteful spender • Government found its funds depleted as a result of wars • Including the funding of the American Revolution • Solution was to impose taxes on privileged classes • Privileged classes would not submit to being taxed

  7. Meeting of the Estates-General:May 5, 1789 • Second Estate forced king to call Estates-General meeting-assembly of representatives from all three estates • First meeting in 175 years • Voting was conducted by estate • Each estate had one vote • First and Second Estates could operate as a bloc to stop the Third Estate from having its way First Estate + Second Estate - vs. - Third Estate • Representatives from the Third Estate demanded that voting be by population • This would give the Third Estate a great advantage • King rejected idea

  8. National Assembly • Third Estate was tired of inequality • June 17, 1789, voted to establish National Assembly • Pass laws and reform for the French • Third Estate wanted to end Absolute Monarchy and begin a Representative government

  9. Tennis Court Oath • King Louis XVI response to National Assembly • Third Estate was locked out of Estates-General meeting • Third Estate met at indoor tennis court • Pledged to stay there until they had drawn up new constitution

  10. Tennis Court Oath by Jacques Louis David

  11. Storming of the Bastille

  12. Create a double bubble map Compare and contrast American Revolution and French Revolution

  13. Long-term Causes of the French Revolution

  14. Short-term Causes of the French Revolution

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