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Exploring Key Sampling Methods

Learn about simple random, cluster, stratified, and systematic sampling methods, including assumptions and how to apply each method in research. Understand the process and implications of sampling techniques.

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Exploring Key Sampling Methods

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Types of Sampling • Simple Random • Cluster • Stratified • Systematic (every kth element is sampled)

  2. Assumptions • Members of the Population can be numbered from 1 to N where N is the population size • You have a mechanism for randomly picking n numbers (usually without replacement) from the collection of numbers 1,2,3,…,N • If number k is selected, the population element with that number is in the sample

  3. Simple Random Sample 1 12 17 10 6 9 • Population above right • In a Simple Random Sample each population member is equally likely to be selected • Click to sample 2 13 8 18 16 20 3 14 4 15 19 7 11 21 5

  4. 1 2 13 14 12 4 17 3 5 18 15 16 8 24 7 22 9 21 6 19 23 20 11 10 Cluster Sampling • The Population (right) can be divided into strata • A stratum consists of population elements that are similar in some way • All of one or more strata are randomly selected and used in the sample—see next slide

  5. 24 22 21 19 23 20 Population Above—Click to take a Cluster Sample 1 2 13 14 12 4 17 3 5 18 15 16 8 7 9 6 11 10

  6. 1 2 13 14 12 4 17 3 5 18 15 16 8 24 7 22 9 21 6 19 23 20 11 10 Stratified Sampling • The Population (right) can be divided into strata • A stratum consists of population elements that are similar in some way • A random sample from each stratum is randomly selected and used in the sample—see next slide

  7. Population Above—Click to take a Stratified Sample 1 2 13 14 12 4 17 3 5 18 15 16 8 24 7 22 9 21 6 19 23 20 11 10

  8. Systematic (every kth) • A starting number is randomly chosen • The population element corresponding to the starting number and every kth population element after that are selected for the sample • ‘Circular’ counting is used

  9. Every 7th Element Sample 1 12 17 10 6 9 • Population above right • Click once to get a random starting element • Click again to get every 7th element after that 2 13 8 18 16 20 3 14 4 15 19 7 11 21 5

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