Winning With

1. The most comprehensive partitioning solution in the world ! Winning With Note: This presentation is best viewed in animation mode.

2. What is Partitioning At the infrastructure level, it is the ability to share and move resources and tasks to maximize utilization and, hence, ROI of computing systems At the most granular level, it is the ability to divide a single CPU and its associated resources amongst various tasks to guarantee QOS levels On a server basis, it is the ability to support multiple instances of the operating system, thus facilitating isolation and optimization of the server

3. Partitioning Concepts There are four basic concepts of computer partitioning that need to be understood and grasped to effectively interpret the product offerings of the 3 main vendors. The concepts are: - Processor virtualization - Processor affinity - Hard partitions - Soft partitions Don’t you hate concepts that don’t mean anything to “normal” people Note: I/O and Memory can also be “partitioned” and virtualized

4. Partitioning Definitions Name Description • Processor virtualization Is the complete virtualization of the execution environment (i.e. the execution environment executes on a “virtual CPU“) • Processor Affinity Is the association of a physical CPU with the execution environment (i.e. the execution environment executes on a real CPU) • Hard partitions Electrical isolation of groups of CPUs, associated components and the execution environment • Soft partitions Programmatic isolation of groups of CPUs, associated components and the execution environment Complicated isn't it ? Bear with me for a moment longer Note: I/O and Memory can also be “partitioned” and virtualized

5. Processor virtualization verses processor affinity Processor virtualizationIs the complete virtualization of the execution environment (i.e. the execution environment executes on a “virtual” CPU environment) • Up side: You can have many more virtual executing environments than you have CPUs • Down side: You lose up to 25% of the power of the machine to the partitioning virtualization system. Processor Affinity Is the association of a physical CPUs with the execution environment (i.e. the execution environment executes on a real CPU) • Up side: There is little or no penalty for the partitioned system. • Down side: You can only have as many partitions as you have physical CPUs.

6. Imagine you live in a house…. And the house is wonderful because you can have as many rooms as you want... The only draw back to the totally “virtualized” house is that the walls are very thick and use about 25% of the total space of the house However, processor virtualization has a significant performance overhead of up to 25% (a high price to pay)…. So the effective space left is only 75% of the house.. How to understand computer partitioning…. The computer equivalent is a processor virtualized partitioning system like Lpars processor virtualized partitioning systems have the advantage of allowing more partitions than CPUs

7. And if your new house could magically combine and then separate rooms when you wanted And the only rule was that you would have a “limit” to the number of rooms in the house But the upside was there was no 25% penalty for the flexibility.. So what is the alternative -> The computer equivalent is a processor affinity partitioning system like HP-UX vPars And the house was just what you wanted…more or less Imagine you bought a house…. Opportunities

8. Hard partitioning is like having several servers in the same physical box.Except that you can dynamically change the size of the servers. So, how are hard partitions different from virtual or soft (software) partitions... And even when you changed the size of the apartments by moving space between them they remain completely isolated... The computer equivalent is hard partitioning Hard partitioning provides electrically isolated partitions on the same server And these partition have resources that can be moved between them dynamically... How to understand hard partitioning…. And it was a special complex because you could dynamically change the size of each apartment at will Imagine you bought an apartment complex

9. Hard partitions Soft/virtual partitions Electrical isolation Software isolation Can perform hardware mainten- Cannot perform hardware mainten- ance on one without affecting ance on one without affecting the others the others Suitable for mixing production Not suitable for mixing R&D and and R&D environments production environments Suitable for hosting multiple Not suitable for mixing customers or customers or entities different financial entities

10. If you have both hard and soft/virtual partitions (like HP-UX nPartitions and vPars), You can have the electrical isolation of hard partitions, With the flexibility of virtual partitions cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu0 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu2 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu3 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 cpu1 I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory memory nPartition 1 “test”- HPUX 11i + latest patch • electrical h/w isolation vPar 1 HPUX 11i + batch vPar 2 HPUX11i + web vPar 3 HPUX 11i, large I/O buffer cache vPar 4 HPUX 11i, tuned for large memory nPartition 2 “development” HP Partitioning- vPars within nPars

11. The most comprehensive solution - Competitive Positioning - Competitive Comparison

12. Hard partitions nPars Soft partitions vPars Integration with goal- based workload mgmtt Dynamic reconfig. of hard partitions Dynamic reconfig. of soft partitions The most comprehensive partitioning offering for the UNIX operating system

13. Practical uses of Partitioning - Resource utilization - Server Consolidation

14. New w/ HP-UX 11i Dept. B App 2 Dept. BApp 3 Dept. AApp 1 Dept. AApp 1’ HP-UX Revision B.3 HP-UX Revision A.1 HP-UX Revision B.3 HP-UX Revision A.2 increased system utilization • up to 80-90%, since additional partitions can use unused parts of system greater flexibility • multiple independent OSs • 1 CPU granularity per vPar • dynamic movement of CPU power between vPars • resources not tied to physical config. (like hard partitions) • vPars on low to high-end isolation • of OS, applications, resources • individual reconfig & reboot HP-UX Virtual Partitions: multiple O/S instances per nPartition with S/W & resource isolation, and flexibility 1st Unix software partitioning vPar Monitor with performance & availability Built on HP resiliency HP Restricted

15. Dept. BApp 1 Dept. BApp 1 Dynamic adjustment of resources by migration of CPUs between vpars when required HP-UX Rev Y HP-UX Rev Y Dept. BApp 1 Dept. BApp 2 Dept. BApp 1 Dept. BApp 2 HP-UX Rev Y HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev Y HP-UX Rev Z Business need defines the relative priority and response time for the various applications Dept. BApp 2 Dept. BApp 1 Dept. BApp 2 HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev Y Dynamic feedback from vPars regarding load and response times Dept. AApp 1 Dept. AApp 1 Dept. AApp 1 Dept. AApp 1 Dept.AApp 1 Dept. AApp 1 HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X ResourceUtilization WLM WLM Rules Sets

16. Discrete Application Servers Dynamic adjustment of resources by migration of CPUs between vpars when required App 5 App 2 App 5 App 1 App 6 App 1 App 4 App 3 App 3 App 6 App 4 App 2 HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev T HP-UX Rev A HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev A HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev T HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev Z HP-UX Rev A HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev A WLM Product MCSG Backup Server WLM Rules Sets Business need defines the relative priority and response time for the various applications Low priority task Dept. AApp 1 Low priority task HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X HP-UX Rev X Server Consolidation

17. Other Information Sources ESP "vParsindex" http://esp.mayfield.hp.com:2000/nav24/ext/vpars/sr/index.htm