'Frameshift mutations' diaporamas de présentation

DNA, RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS sections 12.3 and 12.4

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Lect. 23: Genetic Change

Lect. 23: Genetic Change. ongoing question: whether mutation causes random variation leading to adaptation, or whether the environment induces heritable adaptations. Lamarckism is the doctrine of inheritance of acquired characteristics

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GHSGT REVIEW

GHSGT REVIEW. DNA RNA Protein Synthesis Mutations. DNA. Structure of DNA. DNA is made up of small repeating units called nucleotides . Nucleotides are made of 3 parts: Deoxyribose Sugar Phosphate Group Nitrogen Base Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Cytosine (C) Thymine (T).

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Chromosomes and DNA

Chromosomes and DNA. Each chromosome contains a long strand of DNA Body cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes and DNA. DNA carries the code that controls what cells are made of and what they do. The rungs of the DNA ladder are made from pairs of bases There are four bases.

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MUTATIONS

MUTATIONS. Chapter 11.3, Chapter 12. Mutations. Mutation = change in DNA sequence Mutations can be caused by errors in replication , transcription , translation , cell division , or external agents

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Mutations

Mutations. Frameshift mutations. A single base-pair deletion or insertion results in a change in the reading frame. AUG UUU AG C UUU AGC UUU AGC WT Met Phe Ser Phe Ser Phe Ser Delete C AUG UUU AGU UUA GCU UUA GC Met Phe Ser Leu Ala Leu Insert C AUG UUU AGC C UU UAG CUU UAG C

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MUTATIONS Definition: Any mistake or change in the sequence of DNA.

MUTATIONS Definition: Any mistake or change in the sequence of DNA. Types of Mutations A. Point Mutations - A change in a single base pair. Example: Mr. Adoff is real cool! ATG TCA CGA Mr. Adoff is _______? ATG TCA GGA. B. Frameshift Mutations

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Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition

Chapter 14 Lecture. Essentials of Genetics. Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition. 14.1 Mutations Are Classified in Various Ways Spontaneous and Induced Mutations Classification Based on Location of Mutation Somatic Germline Autosomal X-linked

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Mutations

Mutations. These are errors made in the DNA sequence that are inherited. These may have negative side effects, no side effects or positive side effects. Negative side-effects. Some mutations may lead to a the development of a disease.

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RNA and Protein Synthesis

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Mutations, Mutagenesis, and Repair

Mutations, Mutagenesis, and Repair. Chapter 10 . The Problem. DNA extremely long, fragile Subject to both physical and chemical damage Consequences could be lethal for organism or offspring. }. Frameshift mutations. Mutation. A heritable change in the base sequence of DNA

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Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype

Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype. genotype. DNA. DNA sequence. transcription. RNA. translation. amino acid sequence. protein. function. phenotype. organism. Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype. genotype. DNA. DNA sequence.

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Mutations

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Mutations and Chromosomal Abnormalities

Mutations and Chromosomal Abnormalities. Higher Human Biology. Mutations. A mutation is a change in the structure or amount of an organisms genetic material When a change in genotype produces a change in phenotype, the individual is called a mutant. Gene Mutations.

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Mutations

Mutations. From Gene to Protein Honors Biology Ms. Kim. Mutations. Mutations Are changes in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell 2 TYPES 1. Point mutations can affect protein structure and function Are changes in just one base pair of a gene. POINT MUTATIONS.

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12.4 MUTATIONS

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CH. 11.6 Mutations in Genes

CH. 11.6 Mutations in Genes. Objectives: Describe the following types of mutations: Base substitution Base insertion or deletion 2. Explain what can cause a mutation. Vocabulary: Mutation Mutagen. Mutations. Any change in nucleotide sequence of DNA Effects vary: None --> Severe.

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12-4 Mutations

12-4 Mutations. Pg. 307. A. Kinds of Mutations. 1. Mutations are changes, or mistakes, made in the genetic material. 2. Types of Mutations: Point Mutations Frameshift Mutations Silent Mutations. A. Kinds of Mutations. 3. Point Mutations involve a change in one or a few nucleotides.

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DNA Mutations

DNA Mutations. Mutations are changes in DNA. They can be good, bad or indifferent Most mutations are indifferent because they happen on introns . Very few mutations are good Mutations can occur on somatic cells or on gamates. Types of Mutation. Point Mutation.

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Mutations in DNA

Mutations in DNA. changes in the DNA sequence that can be inherited can have negative effects (a faulty gene for a trans-membrane protein leads to cystic fibrosis), but most mutations go unnoticed (we have two copies of each gene). melanoma. Point Mutations. Silent Mutations

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