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Unit 10

Unit 10. Course Overview. Unit 10: 1960s through the present Chapter 28: The Civil Rights Movement. Unit Overview:

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Unit 10

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  1. Unit 10

  2. Course Overview

  3. Unit 10: 1960s through the presentChapter 28: The Civil Rights Movement • Unit Overview: From a presidential assassination to massive governmental programs, from the Vietnam War to the Civil Rights Movement, the post-World War II decades immensely affected the lives of Americans. The nation struggled to put its social and political ideals into practice while fighting military wars overseas and social wars at home.

  4. Unit 10: 1960s through the presentChapter 28: The Civil Rights Movement • Chapter Overview—The Civil Rights Movement In the ‘50s and ‘60s African Americans made major strides and began challenging segregation in the South. With the Montgomery bus boycott, MLK, Jr. achieved national and worldwide recognition. His peaceful resistance inspired many, especially students. After King’s assassination, the civil rights movement shifted focus and people began to see economic opportunity as the key to equality.

  5. The Civil Rights MovementOrigins of the Movement • Separate-but-equal Doctrine: • De facto segregation • De jure segregation 1. What were conditions like in the American South in the 1960s?

  6. The Civil Rights MovementOrigins of the Movement • Plessy v. Ferguson (1892) • Morgan v. Virginia (1946) • Brown v. Bd. of Ed. (1952) • Thurgood Marshall: • Earl Warren: 2. How did the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision affect society?

  7. The Civil Rights MovementOrigins of the Movement • NAACP: • CORE: • SCLC: • SNCC: 3. Which groups formed to protest racial injustice?

  8. The Civil Rights MovementAttacking Segregation • Rosa Parks: 4. What impact did the Montgomery Bus Boycott have?

  9. The Civil Rights MovementAttacking Segregation 5. What was the purpose of a “sit-in” and in which cities did these demonstrations occur?

  10. The Civil Rights MovementAttacking Segregation 6. Where did the “freedom rides” mostly occur?

  11. The Civil Rights MovementWhite Resistance • Southern Manifesto: • Strom Thurmond: 7. What was the primary objective of the Southern Manifesto?

  12. The Civil Rights MovementHigh Tide of the Movement • Central High School: • Little Rock Nine: • Governor Faubus: • President Eisenhower: 8. What was significant about the crisis at Little Rock?

  13. Challenging SegregationCivil Rights Leaders • Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr: • Ralph Abernathy: • Malcolm X: • Stokely Carmichael: • Heuy Newton / Bobby Seale: 9. By which ways did Civil Rights leaders challenge segregation?

  14. Challenging SegregationProtests and Confrontations Intensify • James Meredith: • Governor Ross Barnett: • Governor George Wallace: • Vivian Malone: 10. Why was the integration of colleges and university important to Civil Rights supporters?

  15. Challenging SegregationViolence in Birmingham • Eugene “Bull” Connor: • “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”: • 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing: 11. Why did King target Birmingham during the movement?

  16. Challenging SegregationMarch on Washington • March on Washington: 12. What did the March on Washington demonstrate?

  17. Challenging SegregationActivism in the Black Belt • Freedom Summer: • Selma March: • Bloody Sunday: 13. What was unique about the social structure of the black belt?

  18. Challenging SegregationSuccesses & Setbacks 14. How high was the cost of fighting discrimination?

  19. Challenging SegregationFederal Legislation • Civil Rights Act of 1957: • Civil Rights Act of 1964: • Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC): • Voting Rights Act of 1965: • 24th Amendment: 15. Why was the Voting Rights Act of 1965 significant?

  20. Challenging SegregationBacklashes of the Movement • Long, Hot Summers: • Kerner Commission: 16. What provoked the violence of the long, hot summers?

  21. The Johnson YearsTaking the Reigns • Warren Commission: 17. How did Lyndon Johnson change the presidency?

  22. The Johnson YearsTaking the Reigns • Lyndon Johnson: • Barry Goldwater: 17. How did Lyndon Johnson change the presidency?

  23. The Johnson YearsJohnson’s Reform Agenda • The Great Society: • Medicare: • Medicaid: • Project Head Start: • Office of Economic Opportunity: • Housing and Urban Development (HUD): • Robert Weaver: 18. What was the primary objective of the Great Society?

  24. Struggles in VietnamHistory of Vietnam • Chapter Overview—The Vietnam War The Vietnam War created very bitter divisions within the United States. Supporters argued that patriotism demanded that communism be halted. Opponents argued that intervening in Vietnam was immoral. Many young people protested or resisted the draft. Victory was not achieved, although more than 58,000 American soldiers died. After the war, the nation had many wounds to heal.

  25. Struggles in VietnamHistory of Vietnam • Ho Chi Minh: • Vietminh: 19. How did the history of Vietnam affect their movement for independence?

  26. Struggles in VietnamAmerican Involvement in Vietnam • Geneva Accords: • Ngo Dinh Diem: • Vietcong: • 20. How did America’s involvement in Vietnam change over time? • Eisenhower • (1953-1961) • Kennedy • (1961-1963) • Johnson • (1963-1969) • Nixon • (1969-1974)

  27. The Vietnam WarJohnson’s War • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: 21. Why was the Gulf of Tonkin resolution significant?

  28. The Vietnam WarJohnson’s War • Robert McNamara: • General Westmoreland: • Operation Rolling Thunder: 22. What was the main objective of Operation Rolling Thunder?

  29. The Vietnam WarWarfare • Ho Chi Minh Trail: • Napalm: • Agent Orange: 23. Why was it difficult for America to achieve victory in Vietnam?

  30. The Vietnam WarWarfare • Tet Offensive: 24. What resulted of the Tet Offensive?

  31. The Vietnam WarWarfare 25. What was Johnson’s Legacy?

  32. Activism & ProtestThe Anti-War Movement 26. What angered young people about the Vietnam War?

  33. Activism & ProtestThe Youth Lead the Charge • Free Speech Movement: • Students for a Democratic Society: • Woodstock Festival: 27. Why did the youth lead the anti-war protest movement?

  34. Activism & ProtestHispanic Americans Organize • César Chávez: • Chicano Movement: 28. Which victories were achieved by Mexican-Americans in the 1970s?

  35. Activism & ProtestNative Americans Organize • Declaration of Indian Purpose: • Indian Civil Rights Act: • American Indian Movement: • Indian Self-Determination and Educational Assistance Act: 29. What was the primary objective of the American Indian Movement?

  36. Activism & ProtestWomen’s Liberation Movement • Betty Friedan: • The Feminine Mystique: • National Organization for Women (NOW): • Title IX: • Roe v. Wade: 30. What was the primary objective of the Women’s Liberation Movement? “I’m a server of food and putter on of pants and a bed maker”…”somebody who can be called on when you want something. But who am I?” –A Mother of Four from the 60s

  37. Activism & ProtestThe Environmental Movement • Rachel Carson: • Earth Day: • Environmental Protection Agency: • Clean Air Act: • Clean Water Act: • Endangered Species Act: 31. What was the primary objective of the Environmental Movement?

  38. International Conflict EasesChanging Presidential Leadership • Vietnamization: • Nixon Doctrine: 32. When did the Vietnamization policy go into effect?

  39. International Conflict EasesTurmoil Abroad • My Lai Massacre: 33. Why was the My Lai Massacre controversial?

  40. International Conflict EasesTurmoil At Home Continues • Kent State Shootings: • Pentagon Papers: 34. What resulted of the Pentagon Papers?

  41. International Conflict EasesThe Vietnam War Ends • Paris Peace Accords: • War Powers Act: 35. What was the legacy of the Vietnam War?

  42. International Conflict EasesNixon and the Cold War • Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT ) I: 36. What was the effect of the SALT treaties?

  43. The Nixon AdministrationWatergate Scandal • Watergate Scandal: • United States v. Nixon: 37. How did the Watergate Scandal affect American society?

  44. The Carter YearsForeign Policy • Camp David Accords: • Carter Doctrine: 38. Why was the Middle Eastern region of focus during the Carter administration?

  45. The Reagan YearsConservative Revival • Ch. Overview—The Resurgence of Conservatism The 1980s saw the rise of a new conservatism. President Reagan, standing for traditional values and smaller government, symbolized this movement. While tax cuts and new technologies fueled an economic boom, Reagan embarked on a massive military buildup and expanded efforts to contain communism. During President George Bush’s term, the U.S. fought the Persian Gulf War, and the Cold War came to a dramatic end with the fall of the U.S.S.R.

  46. The Reagan YearsConservative Revival 39. How is liberalism different from conservatism?

  47. The Reagan YearsConservative Revival Big government • New Deal liberalism • Gun control • Feminism • Gay rights • Welfare • Affirmative action • Sexual permissiveness • Abortion • Drug use • Moral Majority: • Neoconservatives: 40. What did the neoconservatives oppose?

  48. The Reagan YearsThe Road to the White House • Ronald Reagan: 41. Why was Reagan an appealing candidate in the 1980 election?

  49. The Reagan YearsReagan’s Domestic Policies • Keynesian economics: • Reaganomics: 42. How did Reaganomics affect the economy and society?

  50. The Reagan YearsReagan’s Domestic Policies • Air Traffic Controllers Strike: 43. Why did labor union activity decline during the 1980s?

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