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Human Osteology

Human Osteology . ASA Bio 2014 Williams . Major Divisions of the Body. Cranial – skull Infracranial – the rest of the body Axial – trunk & head (parts in midline) Appendicular – appendages/ limbs Includes pelvic and shoulder girdles. Axial Skeleton. Includes: Vertebral Column Sacrum

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Human Osteology

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  1. Human Osteology ASA Bio 2014 Williams

  2. Major Divisions of the Body • Cranial – skull • Infracranial – the rest of the body • Axial – trunk & head (parts in midline) • Appendicular – appendages/ limbs • Includes pelvic and shoulder girdles

  3. Axial Skeleton Includes: • Vertebral Column • Sacrum • Ribs • Sternum • (and skull)

  4. Vertebral Column • Total of 24 elements • Separated into 3 different sections • Cervical (7) • Thoracic (12) • Lumbar (5)

  5. Cervical Vertebrae • Form the neck region • C1 – C7 • Atlas articulates with occipital (joint type?) • Axis articulates with atlas (joint type?)

  6. Thoracic Vertebrae • Form the chest region • T1 – T12 • Articulate with each other AND ribs

  7. Lumbar Vertebrae • Forms lower back • L1 – L5 • Articulate with each other • L5 articulates with sacrum

  8. Identifying Vertebrae: Cervical

  9. Identifying Vertebrae: Thoracic

  10. Identifying Vertebrae:Lumbar

  11. Sacrum • Made of 5 elements (vertebral bodies) • Articulates with L5, innominates (hip bones), & coccyx (tail bone)

  12. Ribs • 12 pairs (1 left & 1 right) of ribs • Provide protection of viscera • Allow for respiration (breathing) • 3 types of ribs • True (vertebrosternal) • False (vertebrochondral) • Floating (vertebral)

  13. Sternum • “Breast bone” • Along the midline • Costal cartilage attaches ribs • 3 parts • Manubrium • Sternal body • Xyphoid process

  14. Hyoid • Does not articulate with any other bone! • Housed in muscle • Helps you swallow • Breaks associated with strangling

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