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This resource explains the fundamental concepts of phase changes, focusing on the energy dynamics involved when materials condense, freeze, evaporate, or melt. It highlights the constant temperature during phase changes and examines the impact of pressure on the boiling point. Phase diagrams for water, carbon dioxide, and sulfur illustrate the behavior of these substances under varying temperature and pressure conditions. Key terms such as critical temperature, critical pressure, and critical point are defined to enhance comprehension of these critical concepts in thermodynamics.
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Phase Changes Courtesy www.lab-initio.com
CA Standards • Students know energy is released when a material condenses or freezes and is absorbed when a material evaporates or melts.
constant Temperature remains __________ during a phase change. Water phase changes
Phase Diagram • Represents phases as a function of temperature and pressure. • Critical temperature: temperature above which the vapor can not be liquefied. • Critical pressure: pressure required to liquefy AT the critical temperature. • Critical point: critical temperature and pressure (for water, Tc = 374°C and 218 atm).
Phase Diagram for Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide
Carbon Phase Diagram for Carbon
