The Literature Review and the 3 R’s

1. The Literature Review and the 3 R’s Gone fishin’

2. Module 7 Write a research proposal (4,000 words) Submit to Student Project Ethics Committee (SPEC) for approval Once approved – submit to AS for 1st marking • Module 8 Carry out your research project Write up into research dissertation (12,000 words) – submit to AS for 1st marking MA in Practice-based Play Therapy

3. Working title • Research question • Aims and objectives • Introduction (and/or Background) • Literature review • Study design • Methodology and methods • Data analysis • Ethical considerations • Study timetable • References Research Proposal Template

4. Working title • Research question • Aims and objectives • Introduction (and/or Background) • Literature review • Study design • Methodology and methods • Data analysis • Ethical considerations • Study timetable • References Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 1

5. Working title • Research question • Aims and objectives • Introduction (and/or Background) • Literature review • Study design • Methodology and methods • Data analysis • Ethical considerations • Study timetable • References Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 2

6. Working title • Research question • Aims and objectives • Introduction (and/or Background) • Theoretical context • Literature review • Study design • Methodology and methods • Data analysis • Ethical considerations • Study timetable • References Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 3

7. Research articles in peer-reviewed academic journals • Cochrane reviews • Practice articles • Books by one author • Chapters in edited books • Conference proceedings • Dissertations or theses • Websites • Other sources; historical documents, legal documents, government papers etc Literature sources – quality not quantity

8. Find sources relevant to your research question • Keep a list of how, where and when you found them (see Search Strategy paper in Session 2 resources) • Keep a clear list of sources – full and accurate reference ready for your bibliography • Summarise their key points • Rate their importance to your work • BUT THIS IS NOT ENOUGH!! • An excellent literature review synthesises and analyses your sources Lists and summaries?

9. Think of your literature review as a story or pathway • As you read sources note down the themes that arise (include things that writers seem to agree on and seem to disagree on) • See how one thing links to another – look for similarities and differences (analyse) • Draw the themes together and write about these (not a list of authors or sources) Synthesis and analysis

10. Turn your reading into a drawing or spidergram or mindmap so that you can literally SEE the themes or ideas emerging and you can SEE how they relate to each other Draw ...

11. What is the effect of an early therapeutic intervention on the reflective functioning of deprived mothers? Boolean operators AND / OR “Reflective functioning AND mothers” Generate keys words for searching from your research question

12. Outline the main issues at the beginning • Provide the analysis and synthesis of the themes in the middle • End by summarising the issues, differences, paradoxes, dilemmas and questions yet to be resolved. Rough guide to lit rev format

13. Characteristics of bedtime reading: absorbing, transporting, entertaining .... sleeping!! • Critical reading is actually 3 things • Reading quickly looking for key things; skimming through • Thinking about what you are reading • Writing brief notes and collect quotes; write (code) on the text (unless not your’s!) Design your own notation system – I draw stars, long lines down margins, exclamation marks etc – I use a colour marker on the front page at the top – red, orange and green – for important, quite important and less important etc Critical reading not bedtime reading!

14. Writers write • Writing is a process • You don’t know what your writing will be until the end of the process. • If writing is your practice; the only way to fail is not to write (Sher, 1999, p.5) Sher, G. (1999) One Continuous Mistake: Four noble truths for writers. London: Arkana. Writing – four rules

15. Is not dry and boring and difficult to understand (unless it’s very technical or been poorly written!!) It is clear and logical and even vibrant! Clear thinking = clear writing (muddled thinking = muddled writing) Work on your writing – craft it – draft it – laugh at it! Academic writing ....

16. Write a paragraph on your current material • Re-write it until it is clear and transparent • Under this paragraph write a one-sentence summary of the paragraph • Under this write a link sentence which says how the next paragraph will logically follow the first • Then write the next paragraph (when you get good at this, “think” stages 3 and 4 rather than write them down) Exercise: micro-structuring

17. MUST start a system for this now • Basically is academic courtesy and imperative to avoid plaigerism (extremely serious academic offence – software used to identify!) • References are for when you use others’ ideas work or direct quotes within your writing • To keep the text flowing you write a short reference (also known as a citation) immediately following the relevant text – author and date (and page number if a direct quote) • You write the full list of authors, dates, titles, place of publication and publisher in a section at the end called References Referencing

18. What is the difference between a bibliography and a references section? Useful exercise - correct your diploma essay referencing – check your bibliography You WILL lose marks for incorrect referencing!! Quiz question

19. Little tour today!! www.refworks.com Separate masterclass available in the summer FREE RefWorks available through CCCU Library Set up your own account Access from any PC anywhere Writes your bibliography and/or references for you in Harvard! If you really want to, you can write code into your dissertation which pulls the citation in from RefWorks On the other hand: You might prefer an index box system You can also use Word functions to store your references See paper in Session 2 resources

20. A committee which examine your proposed research in detail and approve it to be carried out under the auspices of CCCU • Meet monthly (dates on Blackboard) • Submit your bundle of papers by submission date to committee secretary • Plan carefully – submit your papers well in advance of your proposed research fieldwork • Send you an email detailing any necessary changes (you then re-submit to Chair) • Send you a letter giving you approval and the go-ahead to begin your research project Student Projects Ethics Committee(SPEC)

21. Ethics checklist – this is a toolkit which decides if you need to submit a full application – YES answers lead to a full submission, NO answers you just register your project with the Head of Department of Health and Social Care. Retrospective studies may still need full approval granting. • Your research proposal (4,000) words • All project protocols; participant information pack, informed consent letter, copies of measures to be used • SPEC application form • SPEC declaration form • Peer review form • Gatekeeper letter • Risk assessment for project • Researcher CV, CRB and insurance • Copy PTUK/PTI ethical framework • Overseas declaration Preparing the papers ...

22. Thank you!!!!