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West Nile Virus

West Nile Virus (WNV) originated in Africa over a thousand years ago and reached the U.S. in 1999, first reported in New York City. It is now found across Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and North America, with a few cases in Europe. Most WNV infections occur during warmer months, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes like Culex pipiens. Symptoms in horses include weakness and ataxia, while birds may show drowsiness. Control measures focus on eliminating mosquito breeding sites, with available vaccines such as INNOVATOR™, Prevenile™, and Recombitek™.

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West Nile Virus

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  1. West Nile Virus By Robbie Bodnar

  2. History and Transmission • Emerged in Africa 1000 years ago • Came to the U.S. in 1999 in New York City • Found in Africa, Asia, Middle East, North America, few cases in Europe • Most cases are during the warmer months

  3. Carriers in the U.S. Culex pipiens Culex tarsalis Culex quinquefasciatus

  4. Symptoms Horses: • Listlessness, stumbling around, weakness in limbs, ataxia, partial paralysis, death • Fever not usually observed Birds: • Not necessarily observed until encephalitis • Might appear drowsy, unable to fly and walk

  5. Treatments • Control is mainly by eliminating mosquito breeding sites • INNOVATOR™, Prevenile™, Recombitek™

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