Thursday Oct. 18 Concrete Lecture Concrete Team Powerpoint Presentations Assigned

1. Thursday Oct. 18Concrete Lecture Concrete Team Powerpoint Presentations Assigned Thursday, Oct. 25Metromont “State of the Art” Precast Concrete Plant Tour Tuesday, Oct. 30Marietta High School Construction Site Tour Thursday, November 1Concrete Lecture Tuesday, November 6Concrete Lab – Tile Construction Thursday, November 8Concrete Lecture Tuesday, November 13Concrete Construction Team Presentations & Test Review Thursday, November 15Concrete Test Monday, November 19Studio Project 4 – House Tuesday, November 20Concrete Tile Display on Bldg. N Entry Steps Thursday, November 22Thanksgiving Holiday Tuesday, November 27Concrete Wall Section Due Glass & Glazing Lecture Thursday, November 29Glass & Glazing Lecture & Test Review Last Day of Class Thursday, December 6Glass & Glazing Test LBO Due (20% of Grade) Glass & Glazing Text Chapter 17 1400 Smith Street (formerly known as the Enron Building)– Houston, Texas Lloyd Jones Brewer and Associates, 1983

5. LBO Examples

6. Glass & Glazing – Chapter 17 • Glass Ingredients • Glass types • blown • plate • float • Heat Treated Glass • tempered glass • heat strengthened glass • Laminated Glass • Fire Rated Glass • Fritted Glass • Spandrel Glass • Insulating Glass • Low Emissivity Glass • Tinted & Reflective Coated Glass • mirrors

7. Glass Ingredients • sand approx. 70% by weight • soda ash • lime

8. Flat Glass History • Blown • cylinder glass blown, reheated and flattened. • Plate • late 17th century, high enough in quality for mirrors • Float • invented in 1959 by Pilkington Brothers • now the standard for glassmaking

9. Float glass • Process introduced in 1959 by Pilkington Brothers • Float Glass Manufacturing Process video http://www.glasswebsite.com/video/fgmd.asp

10. Annealing Glass Annealing: cooling glass at a slow controlled rate to counteract internal stresses. This is done in a kiln known as a Lehr. Annealing Glass Principles demonstrated in a glass bottle http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBlsNNPRseQ

11. Glass Thickness • For window/building glass: 1/8” to 1 inch

12. Glass Treatment • Heat Treated Prince Rupert's Drop 1.www.youtube.com/watch?v=6V2eCFsDkK0&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fvideo.google.com%2Fvideosearch%3Fq%3Dprince%2520ruperts%2520drop%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft%3Aen-us%26oe%3DUTF-8%26startIndex%3D%26startPage%3D1%26um%3D1%26ie%3DU&feature=player_embedded 2. Showing the release of tension forces http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-GOwtikSO0&NR=1

13. Glass Treatments for Strength • Three methods to strengthen Annealed Glass • heat strengthened • 2x times stronger than annealed • less distortion than tempered • breaks like annealed glass into long sharp edge shards • tempered • 4x times stronger than annealed • some noticeable distortion • cannot be drilled or cut • breaks into small square edge granules • since 1977 Federal law has required glasslocated within 18 in of a floor or doorway to be tempered. • laminated

14. Tempered Glassis annealed glass that is reheated and rapidly cooled, which strengthens the glass and causes it to break into pea-sized pellets if subject to impact.

15. Laminated Glass • Laminated Glass is made by sandwiching a transparent polyvinyl butyric (PVB) interlayer between sheets of glass bonding the three layers together under heat and pressure. • When laminated glass breaks, the plastic sheet holds the broken glass in place, thus reducing the risk of injury in case of breakage. The Entry canopy at the High Museum is made of laminated glass supported by stainless steel spider fittings that transmit the weight of the roof to cantilevered steel beams.

16. How laminated glass is made: http://www.glasswebsite.com/video/laminating.asp

17. Wire Glass • Glass that remains intact and restricts the expansion of fire. • Its made by placing wire mesh in the middle of glass during the manufacturing process.

18. Fire Rated Glass • Wire Glass • inserting wire mesh in the glass producing process • in fire glass remains intact under thermal stress and acts as a fire barrier • 45 minute fire rating • Ceramic Glass • optically clear • 20 minute to 3 hour ratings Fire Rated Glass Video (21 minutes) http://www.fireglass.com/offer-kit/video/

19. Fire rated Glass Floor!! http://www.fireglass.com/framing/clearfloor/ www.fireglass.com/detail-drawings/clearfloor/ClearFloor-System-Details.pdf

20. Fritted Glass Glass that has an imprint on the surface with silk screened patterns of ceramic based paint. Paint is fired in a glass furnace to transform into a hard ceramic permanent coating. The paint consist primarily of pigmented glass particles that are called frits. Typical patterns are stripes or dots, but custom designs are easily reproduced.

21. Spandrel Glass Opaque glass used for covering the bands of wall around the edges of floors

22. Lever House • Lever House in New York is an early curtain wall building designed by architects Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM), 1952

23. Insulating glassconsists of two or more sheets of glass separated by a hermetically sealed air space. Argon Gas is most commonly used in the airspace Most types of glass can be used.

24. Insulated Glass • 3 benefits • provides better insulatingvalue (higher R-value) • 2. preventscondensation from forming on the glass surface. • 3. provides acoustical control

25. U value is reciprocal of the R value IGU = Insulated Glass Unit

26. Sunlight transmission thru glass

27. SHGC : Solar Heat Gain Coefficient the lower the number the better for HOT climates the higher the number the better for COLD climates

28. Low-E Glass (low emmitance) Coating or film applied on the inside face of insulating glass that restricts radiant energy (heat) flow. Keeps radiant heat on the same size of glass where it originates depending on coating placement. In this case heat from the sun is kept outside. INSIDE OUTSIDE

29. Low E-Glass

30. Low E Solar Control Glass • SOLARBAN®70XLVideo (5 minutes) http://www.ppg.com/corporate/ideascapes/glass/products/solarcontrol/Pages/SOLARBAN70XLDemoVideo.aspx

31. Tinted & Reflective Coating Glass

32. 4 3 2 1 (Glass surface order)

33. Major Architectural Glass Manufacturers • Pilkington Planar http://www.wwglass.com/Pilkington/Home.aspx • Oldcastle Glasshttp://www.oldcastlebe.com/ • PPGhttp://www.ppg.com/corporate/ideascapes/glass/products/Pages/default.aspx

34. Glazing • Glazing details • Curtainwalls • Storefronts • Structural Glass walls • spider fittings • rigid supports • cable supports • structural glass fins

35. Glazing • Glazing is the process of placing glass into profiles designed to receive them, then held in place with glazing clips, blocks and compounds making a weather tight joint between the glass and frame. • Proper glazing keeps the glass from contacting the frame during thermalexpansion of the glass or the frame and during loading due to wind, snow, rain or seismic forces.

36. Synthetics for installing glazing, rubber, neoprene & vinylare particularly effective in allowing for the thermal expansion and contraction of glass: !!

37. Used when the Architect desires a clean unbroken exterior surface for the glazing uninterrupted by the protrusion of mullions. Silicone an excellent and frequently used material to secure glass. Proper control and placement is essential to create structural adhesion with weatherproofing, thermal and load resistant qualities. Silicone joints should be designed to perform ontwo opposing surface planes. This is achieved thru the use of spacers, bond breakers and backer rods.

38. Curtain Wall A curtain wall is a building façade that does not carry any dead load from the building other than its own dead load. A curtain wall receives and resists loads that are incident upon it: wind, rain, snow and seismic forces. These loads are transferred to the main building structure through connections at floors or columns of the building. A curtain wall is designed to resist air and water infiltration. Curtain walls are typically designed with extruded aluminum members. (the first curtain walls were made of steel). The aluminum frame is typically infilled with glass, providing vision, daylighting and aesthetic qualities. Thermal comfort and visual comfort are more difficult to control when using highly-glazed curtain walls. Other common infills include: stone veneer, metal panels, louvers, and operable windows or vents.

39. With aluminum and glass curtainwall systems, the vertical mullions are attached to the floors or beams at every floor in order to carry gravity and wind loads • Attachment devices allow the vertical mullions to be adjusted to provide a perfectly plumb and straight line for the entire height of the building.

40. Curtain wall system: • Non load bearing • Supported by floor framing • Multi level spans • Better thermal properties • Resists high wind loads • Higher aesthetic image

41. Storefront system: • Gravity loads to foundation • Ingress / egress • Visual connection with street • Storefront: • Head • Jamb • Mullion • Sill Storefront system sits at edge of interior floor slab and exterior walk

42. Glazing: • Spandrel glass • Tinted glass • Clear Glass • Tempered glass • Framing: • Extruded aluminum

43. Kawneerhttp://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/en/home.aspProducts: http://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/en/product_browse.asp

44. Insulated double pane vision glass Thermal break sample of aluminum curtainwall profiles Vertical Section

45. Recessed Opaque Spandrel panel Flush Opaque Spandrel panel Horizontal Section below vision glass thru Spandrel panel

46. Kawner 7500 Wall System Flyer: http://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/catalog/pdf/Curtain_wall/7500_Wall--F.pdf Catalog: http://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/catalog/pdf/7500_Wall_E--A.pdf

48. Kawner 1600 Wall System http://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/catalog/pdf/1600_Wall_Sys1__E--A.pdf

50. shims