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ASSESSING PROTECTED AREA SYSTEMS

ASSESSING PROTECTED AREA SYSTEMS. WWF’s Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Area Management (RAPPAM) Methodology. www.panda.org/parkassessment/. THE GOOD NEWS. National Geographic, September 2003. BUT PROTECTED AREAS ARE THREATENED. Degradation. Threats. Poor design.

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ASSESSING PROTECTED AREA SYSTEMS

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  1. ASSESSING PROTECTED AREA SYSTEMS WWF’s Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Area Management (RAPPAM) Methodology www.panda.org/parkassessment/

  2. THE GOOD NEWS... National Geographic, September 2003

  3. BUT PROTECTED AREAS ARE THREATENED Degradation Threats Poor design Ineffectiveness

  4. PRESSURES AND THREATS poaching non-timber forest products recreation roads alien plants fire grazing agriculture mining

  5. MANAGEMENT WEAKNESSES boundary demarcation staff layout and design education equipment law enforcement management planning PA isolation research

  6. ASSESSING A SINGLE PROTECTED AREA: A difficult task Pollution Fragmentation Skiing Motor vehicles Acidification 60,000 visitors Rare species Lack of funding

  7. ASSESSING AN ENTIRE PA SYSTEM: Even more complex 110 Protected Areas of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa

  8. RAPPAM METHODOLOGY: A Tool for Assessing PA Systems Identifies strengths and weaknesses across PA system Analyzes range of threats across PA system Identifies high-priority areas Identifies strategic, system-level policy interventions

  9. RAPPAM ASSESSMENTS

  10. DATA COLLECTION RAPPAM QUESTIONNAIRE • Is based on WCPA Framework • Includes 100+ questions • Relies on qualitative scoring by experts • Questions are relative to context RAPPAM QUESTIONNAIRE GROUP DISCUSSIONS • Establish common baseline • Help to verify data

  11. DATA ANALYSES • Threats and pressures • Management effectiveness • Multivariate analyses

  12. ANALYZING A SINGLE THREAT

  13. COMPARING THREATS

  14. COMPARING PROTECTED AREAS

  15. DATA ANALYSES • Threats and pressures • Management effectiveness • Multivariate analyses

  16. IDENTIFYING BROAD TRENDS

  17. IDENTIFYING SPECIFIC WEAKNESSES 7d) Staff and financial resources are adequate to conduct critical law enforcement activities

  18. DATA ANALYSES • Threats and pressures • Management effectiveness • Multivariate analyses

  19. IDENTIFYING PRIORITIES high low

  20. IDENTIFYING CORRELATIONS

  21. IDENTIFYING CORRELATIONS

  22. FINDINGS FROM 6 CASE STUDIES • SOUTH AFRICA • RUSSIA • CHINA • BHUTAN • LAO PDR • GEORGIA

  23. TOP 7 THREATS • INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS • HUNTING AND POACHING • NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS • FIRES • LOGGING • TOURISM • ENCROACHMENT

  24. TOP 7 MANAGEMENT WEAKNESSES • FUNDING • STAFFING • MANAGEMENT PLANNING • NATURAL RESOURCE INVENTORIES • LAW ENFORCEMENT • RESEARCH AND MONITORING • COMMUNITY RELATIONS

  25. USING RAPPAM RESULTS Review budgets Identify knowledge gaps Develop or modify policies Prioritize areas at risk Strengthen threat prevention efforts Explore individual threats in detail Identify underlying patterns Build capacity of protected area staff Build support for increased funding

  26. Lessons learned What is required for a successful assessment? • Clear need for the information must be established prior to the assessment. • EKZNW was in a state of transition - new organisation, too many staff and too few resources to manage existing conservation estate. • Clear objectives for the assessment must be identified. • Identify strengths and weakness of current P.A. management practices and identify priorities for management action and resource allocation.

  27. Lessons learned contd. • Identify the best methodology to meet the objectives – EKZN selected RAPPAM. • A conducive environment for assessment. • Performance-driven management culture. • A culture of self evaluation – will be enhanced by continued evaluation. • A desire to improve management effectiveness. • A champion within the organisation driving the process – evaluation and implementation.

  28. Executive Resources Information & Priorities Region Region Region Information & Priorities P.A. P.A. P.A. Lessons learned contd. A conducive management environment. • A clear management structure into which results can be fed.

  29. Lessons learned contd. Management Objective and standard • A clear route for integrating the information into the planning and management process. • A high level of commitment to act on the outcomes of the evaluation. Assess or monitor Objectives Achieved? Yes No Institute appropriate Management Timely information evaluation and integration into the management cycle.

  30. An important component of the broad conservation effectiveness evaluation. Explicit conservation targets (standards) for Biodiversity Features Evaluate effectiveness of existing Protected Areas in achieving representation targets Identify additional areas requiring protection that will address gaps in representation Assess threat and prioritise Protected Area Network Specific goals for each P.A. identified P.A. Management Effectiveness Assessment

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