MIXTURES

1. MIXTURES

2. Mixtures and Separation Students will be able to… classify matter into mixtures and pure substances. define the term “mixture”. identify 10 examples of mixtures. identify, define and give an example of the 2 types of mixtures. Identify and describe 4 methods for separating mixtures. TAKE NOTES !

3. Mixtures are two or more substances that are not chemically combined and they can be physically separated. **Add this to your science notebook. • Which of the substances below are “mixtures”? sand, soil, chicken soup, pizza, chocolate chip cookies,salt water All of the substances are mixtures!!

4. In a mixture …. *Each substance in the mixture keeps its individual properties. *The substances can be separated by physical means.

5. EXAMPLES OF MIXTURES Think about why they are mixtures?? ROCK-mixture of different kinds of rocks SANDWICH- mixture of bread, meat, tomato SODA- mixture of sugar and water

6. Activity 1 Internet Activity: Mixtures, Substances, Elements, and Compounds

7. Introduction to Internet Activity • Let’s pretend we have an extremely powerful microscope that can allow us to see the atoms of various things. • The following website should allow us to see the differences in elements, compounds, and mixtures.

8. Internet Activity • Click the link below: • Then, close the website (x out) and come back to the PowerPoint when you have finished the activity. Mixtures, Compounds, Elements Website

9. There are 2 types of mixtures?

10. Heterogeneous mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures are mixtures that do not appear to be the same throughout. • There are particles that are large enough to be seen they can be separated from the mixture. • The individual substances may be in a different phase (state of matter). • Examples: • Concrete • Beach sand is heterogeneous since you can see different colored particles • Vinegar and oil salad dressing is heterogeneous since two liquid layers are present, as well as solids.

11. Homogeneous mixtures • Homogenous mixtures appear to be the same throughout. There are not particles floating around that you can see. • The individual substances are found in the same phase (state of matter). • Examples: • Corn oil • White vinegar • A sugar solution • A salt solution

12. Separating Mixtures: How would you separate the mixtures below? • Beach sand • Vinegar and oil salad dressing • A sugar solution There are several methods of separating mixtures…go to the next slide and complete the activity to learn about a few separation methods.

13. Separating Mixtures http://activities.macmillanmh.com/science/ca/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade5/Chapter7-SeparatingMixtures/ • Click on the link above and complete the following: • Watch the video and record notes in your science notebook showing the various methods of separating mixtures presented. • Click “Next” when finished to watch real examples of these methods in use. If you left something out of your original notes, add it now. • Click “Next” to complete the quiz game show. • Put each of your group members’ names in the space for your name and select any character you like. • Answer the six questions and record your score.

14. A mixture made of solid particles of different sizes, for example sand and gravel, can be separated by putting it through a sieve. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools

15. A mixture of water and an insoluble substance like sand can be separated by filtering. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools

16. Conclusions: In your notes, copy and answer the following questions. • Name and draw a mixture that shows separation with a sieve. • Name and draw a mixture that shows separation by filtering.

17. Question: • Why is a chocolate chip cookie considered a mixture? • Discuss with your group and answer in your science notebook.

18. Chocolate Chip Cookies • They are mixtures because they are made up of 2 different substances mixed together (cookie and chocolate chips). • The individual parts keep their original properties. • The parts can be separated easily by physical means.

19. Review: What is a mixture?*A mixtureis a combination of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means.* Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties.

20. Separation Methods: Using a sieve or filter A mixture made of solid particles of different sizes, for example sand and rocks, can be separated by putting it through a sieve. • A mixture of water and an insoluble substance like sand can be separated by filtering. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools

21. Other Separation Methods….see the next slides.

22. Filtration:Used for separating a solid from a liquid Example: Separating SAND from water. http://www.moe.gov.sg/edumall/tl/digital_resources/chemistry8.htm

23. Evaporation:Used to obtain the solute from a solution Example: For obtaining SUGAR (solute) from sugar water

24. Simple Distillation:Used to obtain the solvent from a solution. Simple distillation is usually used only to separate liquids whose boiling points differ greatly. Example: For obtaining pure water (solvent) from sea water http://www.moe.gov.sg/edumall/tl/digital_resources/chemistry8.htm

25. Fractional Distillation:Used to separate one liquid from a mixture of different liquids using the different boiling points to help. Example: The distillation of a mixture of water and ethanol alcohol. Ethanol boils at 78.5 °C while water boils at 100 °C

26. Chromatography:Used to separate out one color from a mixture of colors Example: For separating out the colors in black ink Black ink

27. READ: Summary of methods used to separate a mixture

28. Activity: Separating A Salt and Water Mixture 1. Go to the site below and read about the ways to separate salt from water 2. Complete the interactive section at the bottom of the page (question 14). http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk/ICI/11-14/materials/match3pg1.html

29. Brain Storm!! How would you go about separating a mixture of salt and sand? With your group, list the procedure you would follow in your notebook. Check your method by comparing it to the method presented at the website below: http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/separatingmixtures3.html

30. Conclusions: Copy and answer this question in your science notebook. Complex Mixture Separation: How could you separate a sand, salt, iron filings and marbles mixture? Explain, using pictures or diagrams to help your answer.

31. YOU COMPLETED THE LESSON!