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Summary Points

This overview explores the establishment and influence of Christianity and other religions in Australia prior to 1945. Beginning with the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 and the first service led by Rev. Richard Johnston, various sects including the Church of England, Roman Catholicism, and Presbyterianism shaped the early societal framework. Sectarianism, notable in education and social services, highlighted divisions within the colony. Figures like John Flynn and Caroline Chisholm exemplified the Church’s role in providing social work. Legislative frameworks like the Immigration Restriction Act of 1901 further complicated religious dynamics.

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Summary Points

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  1. Summary Points Religion in Australia Pre 1945 Explicit Teaching

  2. Establishment of Christianity • Commenced on 26 January 1788 • Church of England, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian (Scotland) and Judaism • Approximately 12-18 Jews on the First Fleet - most famous - Esther Abrahams • First Service Conducted by Rev Richard Johnston

  3. Sectarianism • Definition - a rigid adherence to a particular set of beliefs • Religious beliefs • Most noticeable between Church of England & Roman Catholics in the early settlement. • Battle of Vinegar Hill 1804

  4. Sectarianism • Sectarianism was a feature of the early colony - evident within the Australian society up until the 1960’s • Sectarianism was evident in the development of education systems in the early colony.

  5. Social Work • John Flynn - Royal Flying Doctor Service - an example of the Presbyterian Church • Flynn of the Outback - health care, counselling and support • Bush Brotherhood - Anglican Priests on horseback - traveled through remote parts of the colony.

  6. Social Work • Outback communities were served spiritually and medically by the RFDS • The Presbyterian Church was the first to travel to the remote areas of the country. • The Anglican Church established the ‘Bush Aid Society’ to provide spiritual, emotionally, medical and educational support to remote parts of Australia

  7. Social Work • Caroline Chisholm - Catholic - Female Factory at Parramatta • Educated, trained and assisted woman to find employment in the colony • Linked Men with their wives - family repatriation in the early colony • Caroline was English • Research her background - see links

  8. Moral Order • Define - Temperance • Research the Temperance Movement in Australia in the 1880’s • Against alcohol, hotels and ‘moral’ decay. • Established - Coffee Palaces as a way to moderate/ eliminate drinking in society

  9. Moral Order • Australian Protestant Defence Association • Anti- Roman Catholic • An example of a Sectarian group - active in the early last century • Celebrated significant Protestant Days - Empire Day, Orangeman’s Day

  10. Education in the Colony • Public Instruction Act 1880 • Schools were to be Free, compulsory and secular • An end to state aid for Religious Schools • Impact on the Presbyterian, Roman Catholic and Methodist Schools

  11. Education in the Colony • The Church of England was still the official religion - taught in Schools • Research the Role of Mary McKillop and education - her contribution to Religious Schools - commencing in Penola SA in the late 1800’s as a result of the Public Instruction Act 1880.

  12. Education in the Colony • Read the handout - Influence on Education, Health and Morality • Outline the contribution of the Roman Catholic Church to education - pre 1945 • Outline the contribution of the Church of England to education - pre 1945

  13. Acts of Parliament - Laws • The Immigration Restriction Act of 1901 - known as the White Australia Policy • Prevented the arrival of non-White Europeans to Australia • Prevented/ Restricted other Religious Traditions • Focus upon White Christians from Europe

  14. Acts of Parliament - Laws • The Immigration Restriction Act of 1901 - known as the White Australia Policy • Restricted people from Asia, Indian, Africa or those who did not look like a white European • Was repelled in the 1970’s by the Labour Government • Used to keep Australia - European

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