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Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber

Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber. Chapter 7: The Musculoskeletal System. Learning Outcomes. Identify related parts and functions Define related combining forms

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Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber

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  1. Medical Terminology:A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber Chapter 7: The Musculoskeletal System

  2. Learning Outcomes • Identify related parts and functions • Define related combining forms • Recall the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders of the musculoskeletal system • Define related pathologies • Define related surgical terms • Recall the common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the musculoskeletal system

  3. Structure and Function • Framework: Bones, joints, muscles • allows movement • protects and supports all the internal organs

  4. Skeletal System

  5. Muscular System

  6. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • acetabul(o) acetabulum • acromi(o) end point of the scapula • ankyl(o) bent, crooked • arthr(o) joint • brachi(o) arm

  7. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • burs(o) bursa • calcane(o) heel • calci(o calcium • carp(o) wrist • cephal(o) head

  8. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • cervic(o) neck • chondr(o) cartilage • condyl(o) knob, knuckle • cost(o) rib • crani(o) skull

  9. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • dactyl(o) fingers, toes • fasci(o) fascia • femor(o femur • fibr(o) fiber • humer(o) humerus

  10. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • ili(o) ilium • ischi(o) ischium • kyph(o) hump; bent • lamin(o) lamina • leiomy(o) smooth muscle

  11. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • lumb(o) lumbar • maxill(o) upper jaw • metacarp(o) metacarpal • my(o) muscle • myel(o) spinal cord; bone marrow

  12. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • oste(o) bone • patell(o) knee • ped(i), ped(o) foot • pelv(i) pelvis • phalang(o) finger or toe bone

  13. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • pod(o) foot • pub(o) pubes • rachi(o) spine • radi(o) forearm bone • rhabd(o) rod-shaped

  14. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • rhabdomy(o) striated muscle • scapul(o) scapula • scoli(o) curved • spondyl(o) vertebra • stern(o) sternum

  15. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • synov(o) synovial membrane • tars(o) tarsus • ten(o), tend(o) tendon • tendin(o) tendon • thorac(o) thorax

  16. Combining Terms • Combining Form Meaning • tibi(o) tibia • uln(o) ulna • vertebr(o) vertebra

  17. Types of Bones • Total of 206 bones in the skeletal system which are classified according to their shape • Long, short, irregular, flat, sesamoid

  18. Long Bone

  19. Type of Bones

  20. Epiphyseal Plates

  21. Bones of the Head

  22. Sinuses (Four Sets)

  23. Spinal Column • Extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis • Supports and stabilizes the body

  24. Spinal Column

  25. Cervical Radiograph

  26. Five Divisions of the Spine • 7 Cervical Vertebra (neck) • 12 Thoracic Vertebra (ribs) • 5 Lumbar Vertebra (back) • 5 Sacrum Vertebra (lower back) • 4 Coccyx Vertebra (tailbone)

  27. Bones of Chest and Pelvis • Weight-transferring sections that keep the body balanced • Upper Girdle = Clavicle and scapula • Lower Girdle = Pelvis

  28. Rib Cage (Chest)

  29. Male and Female Pelvis

  30. Bones of the Extremities • Provide movement • Allow attachment of muscles

  31. Bones of the Arm/Hand

  32. Bones of the Leg/Feet

  33. Joints • Described by their movement • Ball and Socket • Hinge • Pivot • Saddle • Condyloid

  34. Types of Joints

  35. Elbow Joint

  36. Muscles • Contract/extend to allow movement • Three types muscles for different functions

  37. Skeletal Muscle

  38. Cardiac Muscle

  39. Smooth Muscle

  40. Origin and Insertion

  41. Body Movement • Adduction - toward the body • Supination - a turning up • Pronation - a turning down • Dorsiflexion - a bending up • Plantar flexion - a bending down

  42. Diagnostic, Procedural, Laboratory • Findings assist in the diagnosis of medical conditions • Often used in combination, these test lead to a final diagnosis and assist in treatment planning

  43. Radiograph of a Skull

  44. Goniometer

  45. Arthroscopic Knee Image

  46. Pathological Terms • Pathological conditions can occur throughout the musculoskeletal system • May be present at birth or occur throughout the lifespan

  47. Spina Bifida Spine Bifida Cystica Spina Bifida Uncudate

  48. Symptoms, Abnormalities, & Conditions • Types of Fractures • Avulsion • Intracapsular

  49. Types of Fractures

  50. Joint Disorders • Occur from everyday use of a joint or injury related

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