JUST VOCAB

1. JUST VOCAB BIRDS Chapters 44

2. Allantois albumen Membrane sac in an amniotic egg ____________________ that exchanges gases and stores nitrogen waste The proteins and water stored in ____________________ an amniotic egg Membrane sac in an amniotic egg __________________ that surrounds the fat-rich food supply Membrane that surrounds the embryo and the fluid in which it floats ______________________________ Membrane that surrounds all the other membranes ____________________________ Yolk sac amnion chorion

3. alveoli Tiny air sac that increases surface area in the lungs ____________________ Voice box where the trachea branches ____________________ Dividing wall that separates the __________________ ventricle into 2 chambers Fused collar bones that stabilize the wings during flight __________________ syrinx septum furcula

4. pygostyle Fused vertebrae that supportthe tail during flight ____________________ Large breastbone where the pectoralis muscle attaches ____________________ Type of reproduction in which the egg is surrounded by a shell and laid outside the body to hatch __________________ Scientist who studies birds ___________________________ sternum Oviparous Ornithologist

5. thyroid Endocrine gland that regulates Heart rate, blood pressure, & metabolism ____________________ Tubules that carry urine from thekidney to the cloaca ____________________ Small tubules that carry sperm from __________________ the testes to the cloaca Tubes which add the albumen & shell to the eggs as they are carried from ovary to cloaca ___________________ ureters Vas deferens oviducts

6. External fertilization Joining of an egg & sperm outsidethe female’s body ____________________ Kind of development in whichoffspring are born/hatch lookinglike their parents only smaller ____________________ Kind of circulatory system in whichblood is contained inside vessels __________________ Organism that has a notochord, pharyngeal pouches, a post anal tail, and a dorsal nerve cord ______________________________ Direct development closed Chordate

7. vertebrate deuterostome Organism with a backbone ____________________ Organism whose blastopore becomes its anus ____________________ Thin membrane in the coelom that____________________ connects and holds the internal organs together Order of birds that _____________________includes pigeons and doves mesentery Columbiformes

8. osmoregulation Maintaining the correct balance of water and ____________________ ions in the body Covering made of bone that ____________________ protects the brain; also called skull Nerve cord surrounded by bone or cartilage; also called a Spinal cord _____________________ cranium Vertebral column

9. Internal fertilization crop Joining of an egg & sperm insidethe female’s body ____________________ Enlargement of the esophagus thatstores and moistens food waiting ____________________ to be digested 1st part of the stomach in a bird __________________ where digestion begins A protein found in the scaly skin of ______________________ reptiles and also in bird feathers, & human hair & fingernails proventriculus keratin

10. altricial Baby birds that are hatched blind, naked, and helpless ____________________ 2nd part of the stomach whichcontains rocks for grinding food __________________ Eardrum __________________ CLASS for birds __________________ gizzard Tympanic membrane AVES

11. gullet ileum Opening at back of throat for food to enter esophagus ____________________ Coiled portion of small intestine ____________________ between duodenum and large intestine Bile storage organ __________________ Lower jaw ______________________________ Upper jaw ______________________________ Gall bladder mandible maxilla

12. Colic caeca Small pouches at the junction of the Small and large intestine that contain bacteria to help digest plants ________________ Baby birds that can run , swim, and fly soon after they hatch _________________ Outside body covering in an animal __________________ This kind of body organ works automaticallywithout thinking about it ______________ precocial integument autonomic

13. Amniotic An egg with four membranes and aprotective shell found in reptiles, ____________________ BIRDS, and a few mammals In animals the body plan where the left and right sides are mirror images of each other ____________________ This part smoothes the flow of blood leaving the ventricle __________________ These small thin walled blood vessels connect arteries and veins and are the place where gases, wastes, & nutrients are exchanged __________________ Bilateral symmetry Conus arteriosus capillaries

14. arteries Nictitating membrane Blood vessels that carry blood ________________________ away from the heart Membrane that covers and protects a frog’s eye while swimming ______________________ Area in a fish’s brain that receives and processes info from visual, auditory, and lateral line systems _______________________________ Posterior part of the brain that controls balance and muscle coordination ________________________ Optic lobes cerebellum

15. veins cere Blood vessels that carry blood back _________________ to the heart Fleshy area near the beak of a bird _________________ Posterior part of the brain that integrates info from the other brain parts and where higher brain functions like memory, learning, reasoning, and problem solving occur _____________ Collecting chamber that receives blood returning to the heart from the body before it enters the atrium __________________________ cerebrum Sinus venosus

16. Medulla oblongata Part of the brain that controls the autonomic internal organs __________________________ and relays sensory info from body The concentration of nervous and sensory organs in the anterior end of an animal _____________________________ Small fingerlike extensions inside the intestine that increase surface area for greater absorption of nutrients _______________ cephalization villi

17. duodenum First section of intestine _______________________nearest stomach The energy molecule is stored in the liver ________________________ This substance is made by the pancreas and causes cells to release glucose into the bloodstream. __________________ (Be careful! It sounds like the answer above.Don’t get these 2 confused!) glycogen glucagon

18. thyroid Gland that controls heart rate, Blood pressure, and metabolism __________________ Multipurpose exit space before the vent ____________________ Body temperature that is dependent on their environment __________________ “cold-blooded” Organ that makes, stores, and recycles red blood cells ______________________ cloaca ectothermic spleen

19. ovary testes Organ that makes eggs ____________________ Organ that makes sperm ____________________ Exit opening in animals with a cloaca __________________ Opening at back of mouth to the lungs ____________________ vent glottis

20. nares olfactory Scientific name for “nostrils” ____________________ Sense that deals with smell____________________ Circulation that carries blood from heart to lungs and back to heart__________________ Urine storage organ _________________________ Circulation that carries blood from heart to body organs and back to heart ____________________ pulmonary Urinary bladder systemic

21. trachea Ringed tube that carries air from Glottis to bronchi ____________________ Smaller ringed tubes that carry air from trachea into lungs____________________ Largest vein returning bloodto heart __________________ Largest artery leaving heart ________________________ Organ that absorbs water andconcentrates digestive waste ____________________ bronchi Vena cava Aorta Large intestine

22. Air sacs villi Extensions on the lungs of a bird that store air but don’t exchange gases_________________ Small finger-like extensions lining the small intestine to increase ____________________ Surface area for more nutrient absorption Small air sacs inside the lungs that__________________ Increase surface area for more gas exchange Featherless area of skin on the abdomen of birds used to keep the eggs warm ______________________ Nutritious milk-like fluid made in the cropof pigeons and doves ____________________ alveoli Brood patch Crop milk