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Essential Muscle Groups and Movements in Human Anatomy

Explore the key skeletal muscle groups essential for movement in the head, neck, upper extremities, trunk, respiratory system, lower extremities, and lower leg. Understand functions such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Learn about specific muscles like the orbicularis oculi, pectoralis major, and gastrocnemius. Discover how movements like supination and pronation affect hand positions.

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Essential Muscle Groups and Movements in Human Anatomy

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  1. Skeletal Muscle Groups Movement

  2. Head and Neck • Facial muscles • Orbicularis oculi= circular muscle around the eye • Orbicularis oris= circular muscle around the mouth • Zygomaticus=smiling muscles • Masseter=mastication • Temporal= mastication

  3. Head and Neck • Sternocleidomastoid: flexes head • Trapezius: shrugs shoulders, extends head

  4. Upper Extremities • Pectoralis major: flexes upper arm (chest muscle) • Latissimus Dorsi: extends upper arm (on back) • Deltoid: abducts upper arm • Biceps Brachii: flexes forearm • Triceps Brachii: extends forearm

  5. Trunk/Torso • Abdominals: • Rectus Abdominus (6pack) • External Oblique (R & L flank) • Internal Oblique • Transverse Abdominis

  6. Respiratory Muscles • Intercostals (between each rib) • Diaphragm

  7. Muscles that move lower extremities • Gluteus Maximus: extends thigh • Adductor Muscles: adducts thighs • Hamstring Muscles: • Semimeeembraneous • Semitendinosus Flexes Lower Leg • Biceps Femoris

  8. Quadriceps femoris Extends lower leg: • Rectus femoris • Vastus Lateralis • Vastus intermedius • Vastus medialis

  9. Muscles of lower leg • Tibialis anterior: dorsiflexes foot • Gastrocnemius: plantar flexes foot • Peroneus Group: flexes foot

  10. Types of Movements • Flexion: decreases the angle between 2 bones at the joint.. (Bending0 • Extension: increases the angle between 2 bones at the joint…(straightening) • Abduction: movement away from the midline • Adduction: Movement toward the midline

  11. Types of Movement Rotation: movement around a longitudinal axis Hand positions that results from rotation of the forearm. Supination Pronation

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