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Understanding the Internet: Its Evolution and Structure

This chapter delves into the evolution and structure of the Internet, from its inception as ARPANET in 1969 to the modern web. It covers the responsibilities of organizations regarding their networks, the importance of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), and the role of access providers in connecting users to the Internet. Additionally, it defines key concepts such as IP addresses, domain names, and web servers. The chapter also discusses web browsers, search tools, and features like tabbed browsing, helping readers navigate the vast landscape of the Internet effectively.

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Understanding the Internet: Its Evolution and Structure

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  1. Objectives Overview Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives

  2. Objectives Overview Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives

  3. The Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 74 Figure 2-1

  4. Evolution of the Internet • The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 75

  5. Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Pages 75 - 76

  6. Evolution of the Internet • Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network • The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and sets guidelines and standards • Internet2 connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 76

  7. Evolution of the Internet • Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet service Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 76

  8. Evolution of the Internet • An access provideris a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 77 Figure 2-2

  9. Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 78

  10. Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 79 Figure 2-3

  11. Evolution of the Internet • An IP addressis a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet • A domain nameis the text version of an IP address • Top-level domain (TLD) • A DNS servertranslates the domain name into its associated IP address Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Pages 79 – 80 Figure 2-4

  12. Evolution of the Internet Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 80 Figure 2-5

  13. The World Wide Web • The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages) • A Web siteis a collection of related Web pages and associated items • A Web serveris a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer • Web 2.0refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Pages 80 - 81

  14. The World Wide Web • A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 81

  15. The World Wide Web Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 81 Figure 2-6

  16. The World Wide Web • A home page is the first page that a Web site displays • Web pages provide links to other related Web pages • Surfing the Web • Downloading is the process of receiving information • Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2

  17. The World Wide Web • A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Pages 82 – 83 Figure 2-8

  18. The World Wide Web • Tabbed browsingallows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 84 Figure 2-9

  19. The World Wide Web • Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 85

  20. The World Wide Web Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 85 Figure 2-10

  21. The World Wide Web • A search engine is helpful in locating items such as: Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 85

  22. The World Wide Web Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 86 Figure 2-11

  23. The World Wide Web • Some Web browsers contain an Instant Search box to eliminate the steps of displaying the search engine’s Web page prior to entering the search text Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 87 Figure 2-12

  24. The World Wide Web • Search operators can help to refine your search Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 Page 87 Figure 2-13

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