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AP EXAM REVIEW SESSION III MOLECULAR GENETICS Be prepared, not scared! 

AP EXAM REVIEW SESSION III MOLECULAR GENETICS Be prepared, not scared! . Gene Expression. But first . . . A Quick Visit to Mendelian Genetics . . . .

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AP EXAM REVIEW SESSION III MOLECULAR GENETICS Be prepared, not scared! 

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  1. AP EXAM REVIEW SESSION IIIMOLECULAR GENETICSBe prepared, not scared!  • Gene Expression

  2. But first . . . A Quick Visit to Mendelian Genetics . . .  • Paula and Bernie have a child named Liz. Paula is A – and Liz is B +. What are the possible blood phenotypes for Bernie? Genotypes for all? • Coat color is Labrador retrievers is controlled by the inheritance and interaction of two genes. Black color is dominant to chocolate, but yellow Labrador retrievers will be produced if a second dominant gene allowing the ability to express pigment is not inherited. Two black Labrador retrievers, heterozygous at both loci, are mated. What is the chance that they will produce yellow offspring? • Two carriers for cystic fibrosis have 3 children together, none of whom has cystic fibrosis. What is the probability their 4th child will be born with cystic fibrosis? • Two diploid organisms, one heterozygous for 4 genes and one homozygous dominant for 4 genes, sexually reproduce. What is the probability the offspring is heterozygous at every locus?

  3. What is the most likely path of inheritance?

  4. What is the most likely path of inheritance?

  5. What is the most likely path of inheritance?

  6. Nucleic Acids

  7. DNA

  8. DNA

  9. DNA Replication

  10. DNA Replication

  11. Mechanisms of Gene Transfer in Bacteria

  12. Prokaryotic Gene ExpressionInducible vs Repressible Operons

  13. Eukaryotic Protein Synthesis

  14. REGULATION OF EUK GENE EXPRESSION • Pre-Transcriptional Modifications • Chromatin Re-modeling • Acetylation of Histones • Methylation • Initiation of Transcription • Transcription Factors • Post-Transcriptional Modifications • Alternative RNA Splicing • mRNA Degradation • Protein Processing • Proteosomes • Non-Coding RNAs

  15. REGULATION OF EUK GENE EXPRESSION • Post-Transcriptional Modifications, cont • mRNA Degradation • Protein Processing • Proteosomes • Non-Coding RNAs • microRNAs (miRNAs) • small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)

  16. Techniques in Molecular Genetics

  17. Restriction Enzymes & Recombinant DNA

  18. Gene Cloning

  19. Using mRNA to Produce cDNA

  20. Microarrays

  21. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

  22. Electrophoresis

  23. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms, AKA . . . RFLPs

  24. Single Nucleotide PolymorphismsSNPs

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