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Prehistoric Cultures

Prehistoric Cultures. Tim Roufs’ section. Prosimians. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#Prosimii. Classification chart (after Linnaeus). Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed ., p. 96. Prosimians (pre-monkeys).

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Prehistoric Cultures

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  1. Prehistoric Cultures Tim Roufs’ section Prosimians

  2. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#Prosimiihttp://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#Prosimii

  3. Classification chart (after Linnaeus) Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 96

  4. Prosimians (pre-monkeys) Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

  5. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris tarsier Taxonomy Suborder Common Name Anthropoidea

  6. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) Taxonomy Suborder Common Name

  7. (Pen – Tailed) Tree Shrew, Borneo • REM: the tree shrew is an insectivore not a primate • S.E. Asia and Indonesia

  8. Borneo Indonesia Java Indonesia and Borneo Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  9. (Pen – Tailed) Tree Shrew, Borneo • REM: the tree shrew is an insectivore not a primate • S.E. Asia and Indonesia • sharp-clawed digits • old fossil forms show flattened nails • some are nocturnal • about the size of a squirrel • approximation of earliest phase in the evolution of primates

  10. Pen – Tailed Tree Shrew, Borneo p. 126 The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 20

  11. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur Taxonomy Suborder Common Name

  12. Lemur Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

  13. Modern Lemurs Madagascar Geographical distribution of modern lemurs Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 125

  14. (Dwarf) Lemur, Madagascar • size and appearance of a raccoon • independently moveable ears • mostly nocturnal • approximate midpoint between insectivores and monkeys • widespread during Eocene, and is of interest because of little change since Eocene • (36-58 million yrs. B.P.) • most digits have flat nails rather than claws • has uneven body temperature

  15. (Dwarf) Lemur, Madagascar p. 125 The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 12

  16. Ring-tailed lemur p. 125 Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 125

  17. Sifakas in their native habitat in Madagascar p. 125 Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 125

  18. p. 125

  19. p. 125 Lemur, Madagascar

  20. p. 125

  21. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris Taxonomy Suborder Common Name

  22. Loris Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

  23. Loris • Malaysia, S.E. Asia

  24. Malaysia Malaysia Java Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  25. Loris • Malaysia, S.E. Asia • nocturnal • large eyes • feeds largely on insects, birds, and bird’s eggs • strong hands • backbone has more vertebrae than any other primate

  26. Loris, Malaysia p. 126 The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 29

  27. Slow loris p. 126 Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  28. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris bush baby Taxonomy Suborder Common Name

  29. Galago, or “bush baby” (Lorisiforme) p. 126 Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  30. Prosimii tree shrew (insectivore) lemur loris bush baby tarsier Taxonomy Suborder Common Name

  31. Tarsier Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

  32. Tarsier • North central Indonesia

  33. Modern Tarsiers Borneo Indonesia Java Geographical distribution of modern tarsiers Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  34. Tarsier • North central Indonesia • extreme development of tarsal bones • smaller than lemur, about the size of a rat • small nose, large goggly eyes • at least 25 genera in Eocene times (36-58 million yrs. B.P.) • today there is only one • arboreal • nocturnal • 180 degree head swivel

  35. Tarsier, Indonesia p. 126 The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 23

  36. Tarsier p. 126 Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 126

  37. Primates Earliest primates = Prosimians (pre-monkeys)

  38. Prosimians Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

  39. A Primate Family Tree The Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

  40. New World Monkeys Old World Monkeys ca. 50 mya

  41. Next: Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

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