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PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY. Biotechnology: A collection of technologies. The Applications of Biotechnology. Medical Biotechnology Diagnostics Therapeutics Vaccines Agricultural Biotechnology Plant agriculture Animal agriculture Food processing Environmental Biotechnology

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PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

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  1. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

  2. Biotechnology: A collection of technologies

  3. The Applications of Biotechnology • Medical Biotechnology • Diagnostics • Therapeutics • Vaccines • Agricultural Biotechnology • Plant agriculture • Animal agriculture • Food processing • Environmental Biotechnology • Cleaning through bioremediation • Preventing environmental problems • Monitoring the environment

  4. Plant agriculture • Crop production and protection • Genetically engineered (transgenic) crops • Using biological methods to protect crops • Exploiting cooperative relationships in nature • Nutritional value of crops • Improving food quality and safety • Healthier cooking oils by decreasing the conc. Of saturated fatty acids in vegetable oils • Functional foods: foods containing significant levels of biologically active components that impart health benefits Plant Biotechnology

  5. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Manipulating plants for the benefit of mankind • Traditionally • breeding • tissue culture • inter-specific hybridisation • mapping phenotypic/biochemical markers

  6. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY a process to produce a genetically modified plant by removing genetic information from an organism, manipulating it in the laboratory and then transferring it into a plant to change certain of its characteristics . • Now use a molecular approach to manipulation: • molecular markers & mapping • gene cloning, sequencing • plant transformation • genetic manipulation - transfer, silencing, up-regulation

  7. pathogen-derived genes bacterial genes any other organism Pathogen resistance Herbicide resistance • Applications: • transgenic bioreactors Delivery systems Exogenous genes (non-plant genes)

  8. Enzymes in biochemical pathway Natural resistance genes Mapping Gene discovery (functional genomics) ESTs, libraries Silencing, expression Mutants, arrays • Applications: • markers • transgenic Marker assisted breeding Plant improvement Endogenous genes (Plant genes)

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