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State Financial Aid

State Financial Aid . ELPA 9451. State Grant Aid as % of Overall Aid. Baum, S., & Payea , K. ( 2013). Trends in Student Aid, 2013 . Retrieved from The College Board website: http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid . Trends in State Aid.

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State Financial Aid

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  1. State Financial Aid ELPA 9451

  2. State Grant Aid as % of Overall Aid Baum, S., & Payea, K. (2013). Trends in Student Aid, 2013. Retrieved from The College Board website: http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid

  3. Trends in State Aid Baum, S., & Payea, K. (2012). Trends in Student Aid, 2012. Retrieved from The College Board website: http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid

  4. Trends in State Aid Baum, S., & Payea, K. (2012). Trends in Student Aid, 2012. Retrieved from The College Board website: http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid

  5. Trends in State Aid Baum, S., & Payea, K. (2012). Trends in Student Aid, 2012. Retrieved from The College Board website: http://trends.collegeboard.org/student-aid

  6. Needs-Based Aid Programs Access Missouri Grant This is a need-based program designed to provide a simplified financial aid process, provide predictable, portable awards, and increase access to your school of choice. File a FAFSA before April 1 Have an EFC of $12,000 or less

  7. Needs-Based Aid Programs Indiana Twenty-First Century Scholars Program Indiana’s way of raising the educational aspirations of low and moderate-income families. The Goals are: help more students continue their educations, reduce the high school dropout rate, prepare students for the workforce, decrease the use of drugs and alcohol among middle and high school students, and improve individual economic productivity and the quality of life for all Indiana residents.

  8. A New Trend:Large Scale Merit Aid Programs

  9. Why Merit Aid Justifications: • To develop and maintain highly qualified workers in the state • To increase overall enrollments in a state • Create incentives for higher student achievement Politics: • Accountability – students must show achievement to use public funds • States follow trends of other states (policy diffusion) • States want to “catch up” to other states

  10. Merit Aid Programs Missouri Bright Flight “This merit-based program encourages top-ranked high school seniors to attend approved Missouri postsecondary schools.” • Top 3 percent of graduating seniors, according to ACT scores, receive $2,000 annually to attend a Missouri institution of higher education.

  11. Merit Aid Programs Tennessee education Lottery Scholarship “. . . aims to address the following broad public policy objectives: • improve academic achievement in high school through scholarship incentive; • provide financial assistance as a means of promoting access to higher education; • retain the state’s “best and brightest” students in Tennessee colleges and universities; and • enhance and promote economic and community development through workforce training.

  12. Merit Aid Programs Georgia Hope Scholarship The purpose of the HOPE Scholarship Program is to encourage academic achievement of Georgians attending secondary and postsecondary institutions in Georgia. • Introduced in 1993. • Covers tuition, fees, books conditional on graduating with a ‘B’ average at a Georgia high school. • Since inception, $2.7 billion awarded to 850,000 students.

  13. Hope Research Hope lowered the average cost of attending Georgia institutions • Cornwell, Mustard, and Sridhar (2006) – Institution data • First-time-freshman enrollment rates up 7 percent in Georgia. • Enrollment effects concentrated among four-year institutions. • Large effects at HBCU’s • Dynarski (2004) – Student level data • A Georgia-student’s likelihood of attending college up by 7 to 9 percent. • 12 percent post-Hope enrollment effect for White students, but no increase in African-American enrollments.

  14. Hope Research Hope alters other academic behaviors: • Dee and Jackson (1999) • Students in STEM majors more likely to lose HOPE • Henry, Rubenstein, and Bulger (2004) • HOPE students were more likely to graduate in 4-years,, had higher GPA, and completed more college credits • Cornwell, Lee, and Mustard (2005) • Students enroll in fewer courses per term, withdraw more often, choose less challenging courses • Long (2004) • GA institutions raised fees and housing costs

  15. Discussion Question • What are the positive and negative attributes of state-based need- and merit-based financial aid programs? • Who benefits from the program? • What behaviors are incentivized? • Does it seem fair?

  16. Activity For the articles: 1) Doyle, 2010 2) Cornwell & Mustard, 2004 3) Toutkoushian& Shafiq (2010) • Prepare a 5-7 minute verbal presentation which describes: • The research questions • The conceptual framework and hypotheses • Research methods • Create a drawing that best represents the primary findings of the following research articles:

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