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High Performance Technical Rescue Training and Consultation

High Performance Technical Rescue Training and Consultation. CONFINED SPACE ENTRY AND RESCUE LEVEL AWARENESS - NFPA 1670 & 1006. Introduction of Instructional Staff and Students. Who are we? Who are you? What are we all doing here? What is expected? How do we get there?.

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High Performance Technical Rescue Training and Consultation

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  1. High Performance Technical Rescue Training and Consultation CONFINED SPACE ENTRY AND RESCUE LEVEL AWARENESS - NFPA 1670 & 1006

  2. Introduction of Instructional Staff and Students • Who are we? • Who are you? • What are we all doing here? • What is expected? • How do we get there?

  3. COURSE INTRODUCTION • NFPA 1670 & 1006 compliant course • FOUR HOUR OR SO LECTURE • AWARENESS LEVEL THE BUILDING BLOCK FOR ALL SUBSEQUENT LEVELS OF CONFINED SPACE OPERATIONS.

  4. Course objectives • INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO AWARENESS LEVEL ACTIVITIES AND OPERATIONS • Some limitations apply to Operations level personnel and entry parameters • Overview and knowledge of these is important

  5. UNDERSTANDING CONFINED SPACE PLANNING AND RESCUE OPERATIONS WHY WE DO WHAT WE DO

  6. Cognitive • Classroom • Outline • Feedback Confined Space Training Cycle • Preparing the Psyche • Instruction • Gradient Exposure • Physical • Workshops • Practical Exercises • Repetition • Full Mission Profiles

  7. Concepts to Explore • Risk Management in confined space operations • Define confined spaces • Overview OSHA 1910.146 • Overview of NFPA 1670 • Concept of training as a method to manage risk • Concept of a “road map approach”

  8. Risk Management • Compliance with rules, standards and internal rules used as a method to reduce risk • Our career is actually a series of incidents • Three phases to any incident • Pre-incident • Incident • Post incident

  9. An Important Concept in Risk Management is IF IT’S PREDICTABLE, IT’S PREVENTABLE! You will discover that many things regarding confined space emergencies are predictable

  10. Why do Things go Right at a Confined Space Incident? • A combination of factors • Trained individual or team • With experience • Provided with the correct equipment and tools to accomplish a given task

  11. Why do Things go Wrong? • Again, a variety of factors effect outcome. Well meaning personnel get involved in very complex incidents, that develop rapidly and the involved person makes a mistake. Many times this results from a lack of training, experience or both

  12. Requirements for confined space risk management • Special People • Special Training • Special Equipment • Ongoing and verifiable training program • Experience

  13. CONFINED SPACE INCIDENTS ARE: HIGH RISK / LOW FREQUENCY EVENTS!

  14. F.A.I.L.U.R.E • F: Failure to understand or underestimating the environment • A: Additional medical implications not considered • I: Inadequate Rescue Skills • L: Lack of team work • U: Underestimating the logistical needs of the operation • R: Rescue V.S. Recovery not considered • E: Equipment not mastered

  15. OSHA CFR 29, 1910.146 PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES FOR GENERAL INDUSTRY! SO WHAT?

  16. CONFINED SPACE DEFINED AS • Large enough and configured so that an employee (read rescuer) can bodily enter the space • Has a limited means of egress for entry and exit • Is not designed for continual occupancy

  17. Non-Permit Required Is a confined space that does not contain, or with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious injury Permit Required Is a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics Two Types of Confined Spaces

  18. Permit Required Spaces • Contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere • Contains a material with the potential for engulfing the entrant • An internal configuration that could trap or asphyxiate the entrant due to converging walls, or sloping or tapered floors. • Any other recognized serious safety hazard

  19. Confined Space Examples

  20. Other Issues • OSHA 1910.146 is intended for General industry • There are at least six (6) other standards, including • Agriculture • Shipboard • Communications • Shipbuilding

  21. Performance Oriented Standard • Does not specify exact methods • Program must result in compliance • Standard began development in 1975 and initial final rule passed in 1993 • Changes to the standard passed in 1999 that effected rescue team operations and right to know

  22. Subpart (k) Outlines Rescue Services • Organizations that enter confined spaces must identify and designate a confined space entry team • Team can be in “internal” or “external” team • Internal and external teams must meet the same minimum requirements

  23. NFPA 1670 • Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Rescue Services • Consensus standard passed in 1999 • Outlines organizational requirements to undertake technical rescue operations • Identifies three levels of service

  24. Three Levels in NFPA 1670 • AWARENESS • OPERATIONS • TECHNICIAN

  25. AWARENESS • PER NFPA REALLY ONLY 7 REQUIREMENTS • Recognize a Confined Space search & rescue • Recognize hazards associated with CS • Recognize a Confined Space • Perform NON ENTRY retrievals • Implement response system for CSs • Implement site control and scene management

  26. Additional Aspects of 1670 • Outlines specific pre-requisites, outlined as knowledge, skills and abilities (KSA’s) necessary to achieve each level of service • Provides a “career path” for levels of service • Provides organizations a planning document for program evaluation

  27. OPERATIONS & TECHNICIAN As with all technical rescue operations operations and technician level operations are subsequent building blocks of training and specific applications for response members contingent on more and more advanced level Knowledge, Skills and Abilities.

  28. TRAINING AS A METHOD TO MANAGE RISK WHY PROVIDE INITIAL AND ONGOING TRAINING IN CONFINED SPACE ENTRY AND RESCUE OPERATIONS? (BECAUSE I SAID SO!)

  29. Risk Management through Training • Training must be • Realistic • Ongoing • Verifiable • Manages risk • Manages liability • Meets legal and consensus standard requirements

  30. Organized Approach - Road Map • Must have a strategical and tactical road map with measurable benchmarks for both training and operations • Must always have a plan A and B • We will break out training map into six specific phases, the same phases as any actual operation.

  31. Six Phases of Confined Space Training and Response • Preparing your Team and Organization • Initial Response and Assessment • Pre-Entry Operations • Entry and Rescue Operations • Accessing, Recovering and Removing patients • Termination and Accountability

  32. PHASE I - PREPARING YOUR TEAM AND ORGANIZATION

  33. Confined Space Equipment • Wide variety of equipment needs for confined space • Wide range of concepts and specifications that we must understand to effectively purchase and use the equipment

  34. Explosion Proof or Intrinsically Safe Devices • Equipment that you use in a confined space must be capable of operating in an environment that is potentially flammable • For that reason we must specify and purchase equipment to exacting specifications

  35. Intrinsically Safe Reduces the potential for arcing among components by encasing them in a solid insulating material. Also construction that reduces the instruments operational current voltage below the energy level necessary for ignition in the flammable atmosphere. An intrinsically safe device is one that is incapable of releasing sufficient electrical or thermal energy under normal or abnormal conditions to cause an ignition

  36. Intrinsically Safe Devices - Functional Work Areas • Intrinsically safe devices classified to work in specific environments as defined by • CLASS • DIVISION • GROUP

  37. What do We Want to Purchase? • Certified devices • Devices with minimum specifications to operate in • Class I • Division I • Groups A, B, C and D

  38. Personal Protective Equipment • Helmet • Nomex Hood • Ear and Eye protection • Nomex or PBI long sleeve jump suit • Knee and elbow pads • Gloves, inner and outer • Leather, steel toed work boot • Class III harness

  39. PPE Continued • Respiratory Protection • PAL • Communications (preferably hardwire) • Strain line (inside umbilical) • Patient retrieval gear • Atmospheric monitor • Hand light

  40. AWARENESS LEVEL LIMITATIONS • Though Awareness level responders must become familiar with types and variations of sophisticated PPE including SCBAs,SABAs, APRs, PAPRs etc. they are limited in their use to exterior operations or non entry retrievals. • Advanced training and familiarization of the exotic PPE ensembles are usually addressed in Operations and Technician level training.

  41. Monitoring and Atmospheric Testing Equipment • Monitors should, at a minimum detect and measure • Oxygen • Flammable • Toxic’s

  42. Ventilation Equipment • Fans and ventilators used to create air changes in confined spaces • Fans need to meet certain criteria • Two types of fans that we purchase • Centrifugal • Axial

  43. Communications Equipment • Dependable communications key to safety and success • Hardwire systems most reliable • Systems must meet certain criteria • Two types of acceptable systems • Radios • Hardwire

  44. Fall Arresting and Retrieval Equipment • Designed to place team inside the space and remove teams and victims • Fall arresting and retrieval equipment includes • Harnesses • Tripods, Bipods, Unipods • Rope and assorted hardware • Mechanical advantage systems

  45. Lock out / Tag out Equipment • Designed to control energy sources in and around the site • Outlined in OSHA 1910.147 Control of Hazardous Energy • Multiple methods and tools • Lock out / Tag out • Blanking • Double block and bleed

  46. Energy Control Tools • Must meet certain criteria • Include • Chains • Locks • Special adapters • Skillets / blanks • Tags

  47. Lighting • Lighting systems must meet certain criteria • May be chemical or electrical • Can include the following • Explosion proof chord lights • Intrinsically safe hand lights • Chemical lights • Rope lights

  48. Patient Packaging and Removal • These devices allow packaging and removal of victims from the space • Wide range of devices, used based on • Interior space configuration • Rapid or delayed removal needs • Type of movement patterns expected • Must be vertical lift capable and rated

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