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Heart Implants

Heart Implants. Paige Engelhardt and Grace Murray.

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Heart Implants

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  1. Heart Implants Paige Engelhardt and Grace Murray

  2. The artificial heart consists of the artificial ventricles, which contain their corresponding valves, and a motor-driven hydraulic pumping system. The pumping system uses pressure to shuttle blood from side to side. To create this pressure, the pump's motor rotates at 4000 to 8000 revolutions per minute. An electronics package is implanted in the patient's abdominal area and monitors and controls the pumping speed of the artificial heart. An internal rechargeable battery, which is an emergency battery that is continually charged by the external power source. The internal battery can provide up to 20 minutes of operation while disconnected from the main battery pack.

  3. Governmental and Manufacturing Regulations • F.D.A. regulates and sets rules for heart implants • Each case must be approved by the government • New restrictions only apply to cases where the heart will be permanently implanted in the patient • In order to receive the AbioCor heart, the patient must • Have end-stage heart failure • Have a life-expectancy of less than 30 days • Be ineligible for a natural heart transplant • Have no other viable treatment options

  4. Safety Issues and Product Failures: • Can cause blood clotting which can lead to strokes • Kidney and liver failure are possible • Even with the heart transplant, there is not a long life expectancy • AbioCor hearts come with various complications and mixed success, but uncontrolled bleeding is the worst common side effect

  5. Case Study: • Robert Tools needed a heart implant because he was dying from end-stage heart failure, his lungs were full of liquid, and he had an 80% chance of dying within 30 days. • He was the first recipient of a self-contained artificial heart, called AbioCor hearts. • He lived for five months after his transplant, which was much longer than expected; the device had beat flawlessly more than 20 millions times inside of him. • He died of kidney and liver failure, along with internal bleeding in his abdomen.

  6. Liabilities: • AbioMed records liability and financial statements before actions when a loss is known or considered probable • So basically, AbioMed will take responsibility when they’re at fault

  7. Improvements: • Artificial hearts used to be powered by dishwasher-sized power source, but now patients have an internal rechargeable battery, that can be used up to twenty minutes while disconnected from the main battery pack. • They are also improving battery life so the patient can remain disconnected from the battery pack for longer amounts of time. If they make the battery life more effective, they wouldn’t have to replace it, making it more cost effective. • AbioMed is making quality of life improvements to help patients that have had the heart implanted. • Engineers need to make improvements to the longevity of the system so that it can last in a human up to five years or more, making it more reliable.

  8. Sources: • http://www.abiomed.com/ • http://singularityhub.com/ • http://www.heart-transplant.co.uk/robert.html

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