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Jefferson on the Run: The Urgent Prelude to the British Advance in Richmond (1781)

In January 1781, Thomas Jefferson faced a grave threat as British forces approached Richmond, just 35 miles away. This pivotal moment in American history captures Jefferson's urgent response to the impending danger during the Revolutionary War. Not only does this event highlight the challenges faced by leaders of the time, but it also underscores the tensions and strategies involved in the fight for independence. Discover how Jefferson navigated this crisis and the impact it had on his role in shaping the nation.

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Jefferson on the Run: The Urgent Prelude to the British Advance in Richmond (1781)

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  1. Jefferson on the Run

    1781 Thomas Jefferson (National Archives, Photographic Division).
  2. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses. December, 1781
  3. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. Map of Virginia (http://www.law.georgetown.edu/rossrights/chapters/images/virginia.jpg). December, 1781
  4. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British, led by Benedict Arnold, take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses. December, 1781
  5. January, 1781 January 5 & 6, 1781 – British, led by Benedict Arnold, take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Benedict Arnold (USHistory.org). December, 1781
  6. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors’ Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses December, 1781
  7. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19th, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses. December, 1781
  8. January, 1781 Jefferson’s Estate at Poplar Forest (http://www.poplarforest.org/visit). June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest and Monticello estates. Jefferson’s Estate at Monticello (http://www.monticello.org) December, 1781
  9. January, 1781 January 4, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses. December, 1781
  10. January, 1781 October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. Battle of Yorktown (http://library.thinkquest.org/11683/media/Yorktown.gif). December, 1781
  11. January, 1781 January 4th, 1781 - Jefferson receives notice that the British are 35 miles from Richmond. January 5 & 6, 1781 – British take Richmond and close in on Jefferson’s Gubernatorial estate. Mid-April, 1781 – Governors Council which Jefferson does not attend; daughter Lucy dies. June 3 & 4, 1781 – Jack Jouett rides to Monticello to warn Jefferson. Jefferson resigns as Governor, narrowly escapes capture and flees to Poplar Forrest home. October 19, 1781 – British are defeated at Yorktown. December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses. December, 1781
  12. House of Burgesses (National Institute of American History & Democracy). January, 1781 December, 1781 – Jefferson defends himself against accusations in the House of Burgesses, State of Virginia. December, 1781
  13. Epilogue: Thomas Jefferson Though Jefferson swore off politics after this incident, he was nonetheless appointed Ambassador to France in 1785. In 1790, Jefferson became Secretary of State under George Washington. Jefferson became Vice President under John Adams in 1796. Jefferson then served two terms as President (1800-1808). Jefferson died exactly 50 years after the signing of the Declaration of Independence at his home in Monticello on July 4, 1826.
  14. “Jefferson on the Run” Steve Prefontaine (http://blogs.scripps.com/abil/mayo/Steve-Prefontaine-Poster.jpg).
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