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Plasma Analysis typical class results. ANODE ( + ve). albumin. antitrypsin. fibrinogen. Immunoglobulins (antibodies). Sample loading. CATHODE ( - ve). Initial plasma. Immunoglobulins (pellet 2). Fibrinogen fraction (pellet 1). Albumin fraction (supernatant). Admission.
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Plasma Analysistypical class results ANODE (+ve) albumin antitrypsin fibrinogen Immunoglobulins (antibodies) Sample loading CATHODE (-ve) Initial plasma Immunoglobulins (pellet 2) Fibrinogen fraction (pellet 1) Albumin fraction (supernatant)
Admission Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) LDH is a tetrameric isozyme containing only two distinct subunits:H(heart, myocardium); M(muscle). The two subunits may be combined in 5 different ways, with particular combinations dominating in some tissues. The different isozymes are readily separated by electrophoresis. Anode (+) LDH1 HHHH H4Heart & RBC LDH2 HHHM H3M Heart & RBC LDH3 HHMM H2M2Brain & Kidney LDH4 HMMM HM3 Cathode (-) LDH5 MMMMM4Liver & Skel. Muscle 12 Hours 24 Hours Example Increase in total (esp. LDH+1 & LDH2) levels in serum following a myocardial infarction. 2 weeks H4 H3M H2M2 HM3 M4
Protein Electrophoresis ANODE (+) CATHODE (+) in situ enzyme stain detects a SINGLE enzyme. Uses substrates and a coupled reaction (to produce a coloured product). General protein stain detects ALL proteins.
Typical LDH Class Results Brain Testes HEART Muscle Lung Kidney LIVER Serum Cathode (-) Anode (+) M4 HM3 H2M2 H3M H4