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R&D Proposal for ATLAS End-Cap Calorimeters at High LHC Luminosity

This progress report outlines a proposal for research and development aimed at identifying the operational limitations of the ATLAS end-cap calorimeters at high luminosity conditions in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Key strategies include reducing gap size, optimizing shaping time, implementing additional cooling loops, and upgrading HV power supplies. The report also details the energy fluxes at various rapidity (η) values and describes the challenges posed by ion mobility, signal degradation, and radiational damage. The timeline for LHC operations and specific problems encountered during preparations is also discussed.

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R&D Proposal for ATLAS End-Cap Calorimeters at High LHC Luminosity

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  1. INTAS Progress Report 2007: INTAS-CERN 05-103-7555 Title: A proposal for R&D to establish the limitations on the operation of the ATLAS end-cap calorimeters at high LHC luminosity Coordinators: Peter Schacht, Sergei Denisov Start date: 8. 5. 2006

  2. Reducing gap size, shaping time… “dE/dx” + ohmic heating Additional cooling loops in critical places, more powerful HV power supplies In HEC and EMEC, should not exceed 5 %. In FCAL ~ 64 V at nominal of 250 V. The resistors sit on the rear HEC side. Energy fluxes at L=1034: η = 2.5 5.0*105 GeV/cm2/s η = 3.2 2.5*106 GeV/cm2/s η = 4.9 2.0*108 GeV/cm2/s Main factors: ion’s mobility and recombination. Signal starts to degrade significantly above critical charge density.

  3. Radiational damage of materials, activation β-decay of Ar41: = 6560 s After 100 days running at L=10**34: 98 GBq in EMEC, 50 in Barrel, 11 in HEC, 1.1 in FCAl_1, 0.5 in FCAl_2,3 After 7 more days of cool-down: 9.7 GBq in EMEC, 2.1 in Barrel, 6.5 in HEC, 19 in FCAl_1, 600 (?) in FCAl_2,3

  4. LHC schedule (L.Evans & Dec 2006 Council): last magnet installed March 07 machine closed August 07 450 GeV (lum~1029:1030, 75 ns between bunch crossings) November 07 7 TeV August 08 Calorimeters (plan of 20 February): end of access to ECA - end of June, Barrel A – 15 July, Barrel C and ECC – 15 August Problems: calorimeters - LV power supplies (BNL and CERN, modified version should be supplied starting from April) Inner detector - SCT and TRT - heaters problem, Pixels on retard LHC - failure of support structure of final focus “inner triplet” superconductive quadrupoles (1 of 28, all assembled by FNAL) during pressure test 27 March

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